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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrometeorology >Hydroclimatic Aspects of the 2011 Assiniboine River Basin Flood
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Hydroclimatic Aspects of the 2011 Assiniboine River Basin Flood

机译：2011年阿西尼博因河流域洪水的水文气候方面

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In the spring and early summer of 2011, the Assiniboine River basin in Canada experienced an extreme flood that was unprecedented in terms of duration and severity. The flood had significant socioeconomic impacts and caused over $1 billion (Canadian dollars) in damage. Contrary to what one might expect for such an extreme flood, individual precipitation events before and during the 2011 flood were not extreme; instead, it was the cumulative impact and timing of precipitation events going back to the summer of 2010 that played a key role in the 2011 flood. The summer and fall of 2010 were exceptionally wet, resulting in above-normal soil moisture levels at the time of freeze-up. This was followed by record high snow water equivalent values in March and April 2011. Cold temperatures in March delayed the spring melt, resulting in the above-average spring freshet occurring close to the onset of heavy rains in May and June. The large-scale atmospheric flow during May and June 2011 favored increased cyclone activity in the region, which produced an anomalously large number of heavy rainfall events over the basin. All of these factors combined generated extreme flooding. Japanese 55-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-55) data are used to quantify the relative importance of snowmelt and spring precipitation in contributing to the unprecedented flood and to demonstrate how the 2011 flood was unique compared to previous floods. This study can be used to validate and improve flood forecasting techniques over this important basin; the findings also raise important questions regarding floods in a changing climate over basins that experience pluvial and nival flooding.
机译：在2011年春季和初夏，加拿大的阿西尼博因河流域经历了一次特大洪水，其持续时间和严重程度都是前所未有的。洪水对社会经济产生了重大影响，造成的损失超过10亿加元。与人们对这种极端洪水的预期相反，2011年洪水之前和之中的个别降水事件并不极端。取而代之的是，可追溯到2010年夏季的降水事件的累积影响和时间安排在2011年洪水中发挥了关键作用。 2010年的夏季和秋季异常潮湿，冻结时土壤水分含量高于正常水平。随后是2011年3月和2011年4月创下的最高雪水当量值。3月的寒冷温度推迟了春季融化，导致春季平均水位高于平均水平，接近5月和6月大雨的开始。 2011年5月和2011年6月的大规模大气流动促进了该地区气旋活动的增加，这在盆地上产生了异常大量的强降雨事件。所有这些因素共同导致了极端洪灾。日本的55年再分析项目（JRA-55）数据用于量化融雪和春季降水在促成这场前所未有的洪水中的相对重要性，并展示了与以往洪水相比2011年洪水的独特之处。这项研究可以用来验证和改进这一重要流域的洪水预报技术;这些发现还提出了有关在经历多雨和季节性洪水的盆地不断变化的气候中发生洪水的重要问题。

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