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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrometeorology >Data Length Requirements for Observational Estimates of Land-Atmosphere Coupling Strength
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Data Length Requirements for Observational Estimates of Land-Atmosphere Coupling Strength

机译：陆地-大气耦合强度观测值的数据长度要求

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摘要

Multiple metrics have been developed in recent years to characterize the strength of land-atmosphere coupling in regional and global climate models. Evaluation of these metrics against observations has proven challenging because of limited observations and/or metric definitions based on model experimental designs that are not replicable with observations. Additionally, because observations are limited in time, with only a single realization of the earth's climate available, metrics of land-atmosphere coupling strength typically assume stationarity and ergodicity, so that an observed time series (or set of time series) can be used in place of an ensemble mean of multiple realizations. The present study evaluates the observational data requirements necessary for robust quantification of a suite of land-atmosphere coupling metrics previously described in the literature. It is demonstrated that the amount of data required to obtain robust estimates of metrics assessing relationships between variables is greater than that necessary to constrain means of directly measured observables. Moreover, while the addition of unbiased noise does not significantly alter the mean of a directly observable quantity, inclusion of such noise degrades metrics based on connections between variables, yielding a unidirectional and negative impact on metric strength estimates. This analysis suggests that longer records of surface observations are required to correctly estimate land-atmosphere coupling strength than are required to estimate mean values of the observed quantities.
机译：近年来，已经开发出多种指标来表征区域和全球气候模型中土地-大气耦合的强度。由于基于有限的观察和/或基于模型实验设计的度量定义（这些模型不能与观察重复），因此针对观察对这些度量进行评估已证明具有挑战性。此外，由于观测的时间有限，只能获得地球气候的单一实现，因此，地-气耦合强度的度量通常假定平稳性和遍历性，因此可以将观测到的时间序列（或时间序列集）用于多个实现的整体平均值的位置。本研究评估了文献中先前描述的一套陆地-大气耦合度量的可靠量化所必需的观测数据要求。结果表明，获得评估变量之间关系的度量的可靠估计所需的数据量大于约束直接测量的可观测值的均值所需的数据量。此外，尽管添加无偏噪声并不会显着改变可直接观察到的量的平均值，但是包含此类噪声会基于变量之间的联系而降低度量标准，从而对度量标准强度估计值产生单向和负面影响。该分析表明，正确估算陆地-大气耦合强度所需的地面观测记录要比估算观测量的平均值所需的记录更长。

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