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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrometeorology >Integration of Satellite Soil Moisture and Rainfall Observations over the Italian Territory
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Integration of Satellite Soil Moisture and Rainfall Observations over the Italian Territory

机译：意大利领土上卫星土壤水分和降雨观测的整合

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摘要

State-of-the-art rainfall products obtained by satellites are often the only way of measuring rainfall in remote areas of the world. However, it is well known that they may fail in properly reproducing the amount of precipitation reaching the ground, which is of paramount importance for hydrological applications. To address this issue, an integration between satellite rainfall and soil moisture SM products is proposed here by using an algorithm, SM2RAIN, which estimates rainfall from SM observations. A nudging scheme is used for integrating SM-derived and state-of-the-art rainfall products. Two satellite rainfall products are considered: H05 provided by EUMESAT and the real-time (3B42-RT) TMPA product provided by NASA. The rainfall dataset obtained through SM2RAIN, SM2R(ASC), considers SM retrievals from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT). The rainfall datasets are compared with quality-checked daily rainfall observations throughout the Italian territory in the period 2010-13. In the validation period 2012-13, the integrated products show improved performances in terms of correlation with an increase in median values, for 5-day rainfall accumulations, of 26% (18%) when SM2R(ASC) is integrated with the H05 (3B42-RT) product. Also, the median root-mean-square error of the integrated products is reduced by 18% and 17% with respect to H05 and 3B42-RT, respectively. The integration of the products is found to improve the threat score for medium-high rainfall accumulations. Since SM2R(ASC), H05, and 3B42-RT datasets are provided in near-real time, their integration might provide more reliable rainfall products for operational applications, for example, for flood and landslide early warning systems.
机译：卫星获得的最新降雨产品通常是测量世界偏远地区降雨量的唯一方法。但是，众所周知，它们可能无法正确地再生到达地面的降水量，这对于水文应用而言至关重要。为了解决这个问题，这里提出了一种使用SM2RAIN算法对卫星降雨量和土壤湿度SM产品进行集成的方法，该算法根据SM观测值估算降雨量。使用微调方案将SM衍生的和最新的降雨产品整合在一起。考虑了两种卫星降雨产品：EUMESAT提供的H05和NASA提供的实时（3B42-RT）TMPA产品。通过SM2RAIN，SM2R（ASC）获得的降雨量数据集考虑了从高级散射仪（ASCAT）检索到的SM。将该降雨数据集与2010-13年整个意大利境内经过质量检查的每日降雨观测值进行比较。在将SM2R（ASC）与H05集成后，集成产品在5天降雨累积中的中值增加了26％（18％），与相关性方面的性能有所改善。 3B42-RT）产品。此外，相对于H05和3B42-RT，集成产品的中位数均方根误差分别降低了18％和17％。发现产品的集成可以提高中高降雨累积的威胁评分。由于SM2R（ASC），H05和3B42-RT数据集是近实时提供的，因此它们的集成可能为运营应用（例如洪水和滑坡预警系统）提供更可靠的降雨产品。

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