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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrometeorology >Synoptic Forcing of Precipitation over Greenland: Climatology for 1961-99
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Synoptic Forcing of Precipitation over Greenland: Climatology for 1961-99

机译：格陵兰降水的天气强迫：1961-99年的气候学

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Analysis of the synoptic climatology and precipitation patterns over the North Atlantic region allows for a better understanding of the atmospheric input to the mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet. The self-organizing map (SOM) technique was applied to the 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis (ERA-40) daily sea level pressure (SLP) data from 1961 to 1999 to objectively identify synoptic SLP patterns over the North Atlantic region. A total of 35 different SLP patterns were identified. Patterns common to the winter season are characterized by deep low pressure systems that approach Greenland through an active North Atlantic storm track, whereas patterns most common to the summer months are generally weaker and approach the ice sheet from the west through Baffin Bay. The blocking, splitting, and intensification of cyclones by the high elevations of the Greenland ice sheet were identified in this analysis. Analysis of ERA-40 precipitation associated with each SLP pattern revealed that the largest precipitation events were associated with passing cyclones that created onshore flow, allowing the air to be lifted orographically by the steep margins of the ice sheet. The ERA-40 annual mean precipitation over Greenland from 1961 to 1999 was 35.8 cm yr(-1). Greenland was divided into five subregions, and the preferred synoptic patterns for receiving precipitation in each region include cyclones positioned to allow dynamic and orographic lift in each region. Annual precipitation contributions from each SLP pattern were isolated to reveal that half of the annual mean precipitation over Greenland comes from only 11 of the 35 identified synoptic patterns (31.4%), highlighting the importance of studying Greenland precipitation on an event-by-event basis on a daily time scale.
机译：对北大西洋区域天气和降水模式的分析使人们可以更好地了解格陵兰冰原质量平衡的大气输入。自组织图（SOM）技术应用于1961年至1999年的40年欧洲中距离天气预报重新分析中心（ERA-40）每日海平面压力（SLP）数据，以客观地识别天气SLP模式在北大西洋地区。总共确定了35种不同的SLP模式。冬季常见的模式特征是深低压系统通过活跃的北大西洋风暴路径接近格陵兰，而夏季最常见的模式通常较弱，并从西部通过巴芬湾进入冰盖。在此分析中，确定了格陵兰冰原的高海拔对旋风的阻塞，分裂和加剧。对与每个SLP模式相关的ERA-40降水的分析表明，最大的降水事件与形成陆上气流的旋风有关，从而使空气在地形上被冰盖的陡峭边缘提升。 1961年至1999年，格陵兰岛ERA-40的年平均降水量为35.8 cm yr（-1）。格陵兰分为五个子区域，每个区域用于接收降水的优选天气模式包括旋风分离器，其位置允许每个区域的动态和地形提升。从每个SLP模式的年降水量中分离出的数据表明，格陵兰岛年平均降水量的一半仅来自35种已确定的天气模式中的11种（占31.4％），这凸显了逐事件研究格陵兰岛降水的重要性在每天的时间范围内。

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