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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Industrial Ecology >Tradeoff Evaluation Improves Comparative Life Cycle Assessment: A Photovoltaic Case Study
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Tradeoff Evaluation Improves Comparative Life Cycle Assessment: A Photovoltaic Case Study

机译：权衡评估可改善比较寿命周期评估：光伏案例研究

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摘要

Current life cycle assessment (LCA) interpretation practices typically emphasize hotspot identification and improvement assessment. However, these interpretation practices fail in the context of a decision-driven comparative LCA where the goal is to select the best option from a set of dissimilar alternatives. Interpretation of comparative LCA results requires understanding of the trade-offs between alternativesinstances in which one alternative performs better or worse than anotherto identify the environmental implications of a specific decision. In this case, analysis must elucidate relative trade-offs between decision alternatives, rather than absolute description of the alternatives individually. Here, typical practices fail. This article introduces a probability distribution-based approach to assess the significance of performance differences among alternatives that allows LCA practitioners to focus analyses on those aspects most influential to the decision, identify the areas that would benefit the most from data refinement given the level of uncertainty, and complement existing hotspot analyses. In a case study of a comparative LCA of five photovoltaic technologies, findings show that thin-film cadmium telluride and amorphous silicon cell panels are most likely to perform better than other alternatives. Additionally, the impact categories highlighted by the new approach are different than those highlighted by typical external normalization practices, suggesting that a decision-driven approach to interpretation would redirect environmental research efforts.
机译：当前的生命周期评估（LCA）解释惯例通常着重于热点识别和改进评估。但是，这些解释实践在决策驱动的比较LCA的情况下失败，在LCA中，目标是从一组不同的选择中选择最佳选择。解释LCA的比较结果需要了解替代方案之间的权衡，在这种情况下，一种替代方案的效果要好于或劣于其他方案，以识别特定决策的环境影响。在这种情况下，分析必须阐明决策选择之间的相对权衡，而不是单独描述选择。在这里，典型的做法失败了。本文介绍了一种基于概率分布的方法来评估替代方案之间性能差异的重要性，该方法使LCA从业人员可以将分析重点放在对决策最有影响的那些方面，并在不确定性水平下确定从数据细化中受益最大的领域，并补充现有的热点分析。在一项针对五种光伏技术的比较LCA的案例研究中，研究结果表明，薄膜碲化镉和非晶硅电池板最有可能比其他替代品具有更好的性能。此外，新方法强调的影响类别与典型的外部规范化实践强调的影响类别不同，这表明决策驱动的解释方法将重定向环境研究工作。

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