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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Materials Science >Roughening transition of grain boundaries in metals and oxides
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Roughening transition of grain boundaries in metals and oxides

机译：金属和氧化物中晶界的粗化转变

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Extensive theoretical analysis and experimental observations show surface roughening transitions of crystals. The surface roughening is characterized by step free energy, which gradually decreases to 0 at the roughening transition temperature. For a crystal of finite size, the surface roughening transition is manifested by gradual increase of the curved edge and corner areas. In alloys, the interfaces between the solid and the liquid phases can be either singular, partially rough, or completely rough at different temperatures. Their thermally induced roughening transitions are similar to those of the solid-vapor interfaces. The interface roughening and the reverse transition to singular structures can also be induced by additives. The grain boundaries of any misorientation angles in oxides and metals also show roughening transitions. The singular grain boundaries have either flat, hill-and-valley, or kinked shapes, and with temperature increase or composition changes, they become defaceted to curved shapes. These defaceted grain boundaries are rough. It is thus possible to produce either singular or rough grain boundaries by heat-treatment or additives to vary their properties. (C) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.
机译：大量的理论分析和实验观察表明晶体的表面变粗糙过渡。表面粗糙化的特征在于阶跃自由能，其在粗糙化转变温度下逐渐降低至0。对于有限尺寸的晶体，表面粗糙化过渡通过弯曲边缘和拐角区域的逐渐增加来体现。在合金中，固相和液相之间的界面在不同温度下可以是奇异的，部分粗糙的或完全粗糙的。它们的热诱导粗糙化转变与固体-蒸汽界面的类似。界面粗糙和反向转变为奇异结构也可以由添加剂引起。氧化物和金属中任何取向错误的晶界也显示出粗糙的转变。奇异的晶界具有平坦，丘陵和山谷或扭结的形状，并且随着温度的升高或成分的变化，它们会变成弯曲的形状。这些污损的晶界是粗糙的。因此，可以通过热处理或添加剂来改变其性能而产生单一或粗糙的晶界。 （C）2005年Springer Science + Business Media，Inc.

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