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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of marine systems: journal of the European Association of Marine Sciences and Techniques >Differential response of continental stock complexes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
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Differential response of continental stock complexes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

机译：大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）大陆架复合体对大西洋多年代际振荡的差异响应

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摘要

Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, in the North Atlantic are managed as a set of population complexes distributed in North America and Europe. In recent years, these complexes have experienced reduced marine survival and many populations within the complexes are at risk, especially those at the southern ends of the species amphi-Atlantic range. Atlantic salmon is an anadromous fish dividing its life history between residence in freshwater and the marine environment. The freshwater portion of the life history includes spawning and the rearing of juveniles where in-river production has tended to be relatively stable, whereas the first year at sea, termed the post-smolt year, is characterized by more variable rates of mortality. Although their habitats are widely separated geographically along the North Atlantic seaboards, strong recruitment coherence exists between North American and European stock complexes. This recruitment coherence is correlated with ocean temperature variation associated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) appears to be relatively unimportant as a driver of salmon abundance. The mechanism determining the link between AMO-related thermal variation and abundance appears to differ fundamentally for the two continental stock groupings. Whereas ocean climate variability during the first springtime months of juvenile salmon migration to sea appears to be important to the survival of North American stocks, summer climate variation appears to be central to adult recruitment variation for European stocks. This contrast in seasonal effects appears to be related to the varying roles of predation pressure and size-related mortality on the continental stock complexes. The anticipated warming due to global climate change will impose thermal conditions on salmon populations outside historical context and challenge the ability of many populations to persist.
机译：北大西洋的大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）是一组分布在北美和欧洲的种群。近年来，这些复合物的海洋生存能力下降，并且这些复合物中的许多种群都处于危险之中，尤其是在两栖-大西洋范围物种的南端。大西洋鲑是一种顽强的鱼类，将其生活史分为淡水栖息地和海洋环境。生命史中的淡水部分包括幼体的产卵和饲养，河内生产趋于相对稳定，而海上第一年（即后熏鲑年）的死亡率变化较大。尽管它们的栖息地在北大西洋沿岸的地理位置上相距甚远，但北美和欧洲的联合体之间仍存在强大的招募连贯性。这种募集的一致性与与大西洋多年代际涛动（AMO）有关的海洋温度变化相关。北大西洋涛动（NAO）作为鲑鱼丰度的驱动因素似乎相对不重要。对于两个大陆种群而言，确定AMO相关热变化与丰度之间联系的机制似乎根本不同。尽管少年鲑鱼向海上迁移的头一个春季月份的海洋气候变化对北美种群的生存很重要，但夏季气候变化似乎是欧洲种群成年招聘变化的关键。季节性影响的这种对比似乎与捕食压力和与陆地有关的种群对大小相关的死亡率的不同作用有关。全球气候变化导致的预期变暖将使鲑鱼种群的温度条件超出历史背景，并挑战许多种群的生存能力。

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