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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Geographical distribution patterns and habitat suitability models for presence of host-seeking ixodid ticks in dense woodlands of Mendocino County, California
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Geographical distribution patterns and habitat suitability models for presence of host-seeking ixodid ticks in dense woodlands of Mendocino County, California

机译：加利福尼亚门多西诺县茂密林地中存在寻求寄主的odi类tick的地理分布格局和栖息地适宜性模型

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摘要

We used drag sampling to examine the geographical distribution patterns of ixodid ticks engaging in open (non-nidicolous) host-seeking behavior in dense woodland habitats of the climatically and ecologically diverse Mendocino County in north coastal California. The findings based on this sampling methodology reflect risk of human exposure to host-seeking ticks rather than the true distribution of the ticks. Drag sampling in 78 sites yielded 7,860 nymphal or adult Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls, 220 Dermacentor occidentalis Marx, 150 Ixodes spinipalpis Hadwen & Nuttall, 15 Hemaphysalis leporispalustris (Packard), 12 Ixodes angustus Neumann, 12 Ixodes auritulus Neumann, and a single Dermacentor variabilis (Say). I. pacificus, which is the primary vector of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi to humans in California, occurred in all 78 sites examined. D. occidentalis, another tick species commonly biting humans in California, and H. leporispalustris typically were encountered in oak-associated woodlands in the central or eastern parts of the county. In contrast, three species of Ixodes ticks (I. angustus, I. auritulus, and I. spinipalpis) most commonly were found questing openly in woodlands with redwood present in the western part of the county. I. angustus and I. spinipalpis are occasional human biters and known experimental vectors of B. burgdorferi. Our study represents the first collection of large numbers of openly host-seeking I. spinipalpis ticks. Univariate tests of associations between presence of ticks (D. occidentalis, H. leporispalustris, I. angustus, I. auritulus, or I. spinipalpis) and environmental geographical information systems-remote sensing (GIS/ RS)-based data indicated that elevation, number of growing degree-days, and tasseled cap brightness, greenness, and wetness are especially useful predictors of presence of openly hostseeking ticks. Combinations of the above-mentioned GIS/RS-based data yielded significant logistic regression models for habitat suitability of host-seeking ticks for all five above-mentioned species. The model equations were used to create spatial surfaces of predicted presence of suitable habitat for openly host-seeking ticks in Mendocino County dense woodlands.
机译：我们使用拖曳抽样研究了加利福尼亚北部沿海气候和生态多样的门多西诺县在茂密的林地栖息地中从事开放（非尼古丁）寄主寻觅行为的类tick的地理分布模式。基于这种抽样方法的发现反映出人类暴露于寻求宿主的s的风险，而不是the的真实分布。在78个地点进行的拖曳采样产生了7,860个若虫或成年的太平洋硬x（Ixodes pacificus Cooley＆Kohls），220个Dermacentor occidentalis Marx，150个Ixodes spinipalpis Hadwen＆Nuttall，15个Hemaphysalis leporispalustris（Packard），12个Ixodes angustus Neumann，12个Ixodes auritor （说）。在加利福尼亚州的所有78个地点均发生了太平洋麻风杆菌，这是加利福尼亚州人类感染莱姆病螺旋体伯氏疏螺旋体的主要媒介。在加利福尼亚州的中部或东部，与橡树相关的林地通常会遇到D. occidentalis（另一种在加州经常叮咬人类的tick类物种）和H. leporispalustris。相比之下，在县西部存在红木的林地中，最常见地发现了三种x科tick（I。angustus，I。auritulus和I. spinipalpis）。 I. angustus和I. spinipalpis偶尔会被人咬伤，并且是B. burgdorferi的已知实验载体。我们的研究代表了第一批大量公开寻找寄主的棘刺I。 of虫（D. occidentalis，H。leporispalustris，I。angustus，I。auritulus或I. spinipalpis）与环境地理信息系统-基于遥感（GIS / RS）的数据之间的关联的单变量测试表明，海拔，生长度日的数量，以及流苏的瓶盖亮度，绿色和潮湿度，特别是对于公开​​寻找宿主的虱子很有用。上述基于GIS / RS的数据的组合产生了显着的Logistic回归模型，用于所有五个上述物种的寄主tick的栖息地适宜性。模型方程式被用来为门多西诺县茂密林地中公开寻找宿主的tick提供合适栖息地的预测存在的空间表面。

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