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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Field evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellents and fumigants against the malaria vector Anopheles darlingi in Riberalta, Bolivian Amazon
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Field evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellents and fumigants against the malaria vector Anopheles darlingi in Riberalta, Bolivian Amazon

机译：在玻利维亚亚马逊河里贝拉尔塔，传统上使用基于植物的驱虫剂和熏蒸剂对疟疾媒介按蚊达令吉的现场评估

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Inexpensive insect repellents may be needed to supplement the use of impregnated bed-nets in the Amazon region, where the primary malaria vector, Anopheles darlingi (Root), is exophilic and feeds in the early evening. Three plants that are traditionally used to repel mosquitoes in Riberalta, Bolivian Amazon, were identified by focus group, and then they were tested against An. darlingi as well as Mansonia indubitans (Dyar & Shannon)/Mansonia titillans (Walker). Cymbopogon citratus (Staph), Guatemalan lemongrass, essential oil at 25% was used as a skin repellent, and it provided 74% protection for 2.5 h against predominantly An. darlingi and 95% protection for 2.5 h against Mansonia spp. Attalea princeps (name not verified) husks, burned on charcoal in the traditional way provided 35 and 51% protection against An. darlingi and Mansonia spp., respectively. Kerosene lamps, often used to light rural homes, were used as a heat source to volatilize 100% Mentha arvensis (Malinv ex. Bailey) essential oil, and they reduced biting by 41% inside traditional homes against Mansonia spp., although they were ineffective outdoors against An. darlingi. All three plant-based repellents provided significant protection compared with controls. Plant-based repellents, although less effective than synthetic alternatives, were shown by focus groups to be more culturally acceptable in this setting, in particular para-menthane-3, 8, idol derived from lemon eucalyptus, Corymbia citriodora (Hook). Plant-based repellents have the potential to be produced locally and therefore sold more cheaply than synthetic commercial repellents. Importantly, their low cost may encourage user compliance among indigenous and marginalized populations.
机译：在亚马逊地区，可能需要廉价的驱虫剂来补充浸渍过的蚊帐，在该地区，主要的疟疾传播媒介达芬奇按蚊（Root）是外来的，并在傍晚进食。焦点小组确定了玻利维亚亚马逊河Riberalta传统上用来驱蚊的三种植物，然后针对An进行了测试。达令吉（Darlingi）以及印度洋Mansonia indubitans（Dyar和Shannon）/ Mansonia titillans（Mansonia titillans）（Walker）。 Cymbopogon citratus（Staph），危地马拉柠檬草，25％的精油被用作皮肤防护剂，在2.5小时内提供了74％的保护，以抵抗主要的An。达令吉（Darlingi）和95％的保护作用，可抵抗曼氏菌属（Mansonia spp）2.5小时。以传统方式在木炭上燃烧的Attalea princeps外壳（未验证名称）可提供35％和51％的An防护。 darlingi和Mansonia spp.。煤油灯通常用来照亮农村房屋，被用作热源来挥发100％薄荷油（Malinv ex。Bailey）精油，尽管它们无效，它们在传统房屋中对Mansonia spp。的咬伤减少了41％。在户外对阵安。达令吉。与对照相比，所有三种植物性驱虫剂均提供了显着的保护。焦点小组显示，植物性驱虫剂虽然不如合成替代物有效，但在这种情况下在文化上更易被接受，尤其是源自柠檬桉树，Corymbia citriodora（Hook）的对薄荷3、8号偶像。基于植物的驱虫剂有可能在本地生产，因此比合成的商业驱虫剂便宜。重要的是，它们的低成本可能会鼓励用户遵守土著和边缘化人群。

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