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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Larval behavioral diapause regulates life cycle of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari : Ixodidae) in Southeast Brazil
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Larval behavioral diapause regulates life cycle of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari : Ixodidae) in Southeast Brazil

机译：幼虫行为滞育调节巴西东南部的Amblyomma cajennense（Acari：Ixodidae）的生命周期

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Previous studies have determined that Amblyomma cajennense (F.) produces one generation per year in Southeastern Brazil. Larvae predominate from April to July, nymphs from July to October, and adults from October to March. In the current study, we observed engorged females, their eggs, and respective larvae in the field. Engorged females were released in grass plots under natural conditions, at monthly intervals, from October 2000 to March 2001. Preoviposition periods lasted 1-2 wk, and mean egg incubation periods lasted 5-7 wk. Consequently, larvae hatched at different periods from early December 2000 to early April 2001. However, all hatched larvae stayed confined to the plot ground, under the vegetation, until late April or early May 2001, when some larvae were seen questing on top of vegetation for the first time. Thereafter, larvae were always seen on this questing position until August 2001, when all larvae had died on the plots. In addition, premolt period data of engorged larvae and nymphs held in laboratory at different temperatures were used to construct a premolt mathematical model, which was applied to reported seasonal dynamic data of A. cajennense in the field. The premolt model indicated that the field intervals between larvae and nymphs and between nymphs and adults are controlled solely by nondiapause events, such as ground temperature. We concluded that the 1-yr generation pattern of A. cajennense in Southeastern Brazil is primarily controlled by larval behavioral diapause, shown by larvae born during spring/summer months, before their activity period at next autumn.
机译：先前的研究已经确定，巴西东南部的Amblyomma cajennense（F.）每年产生1代。 4月至7月为幼虫，7月至10月为若虫，10月至3月为成虫。在当前的研究中，我们在田间观察了雌雄饱食，卵和幼虫。从2000年10月到2001年3月，有条件的雌性在自然条件下每月在草场中放出。产卵期持续1-2周，平均卵孵化期持续5-7周。因此，幼虫在2000年12月上旬至2001年4月上旬的不同时期进行孵化。但是，所有孵化后的幼虫都被限制在植被下的小块地上，直到2001年4月下旬或5月初，才看到一些幼虫在植被上搜寻首次。此后，直到2001年8月，所有幼虫都在该地块死亡后，幼虫就一直处于这个搜寻位置。另外，利用实验室保存的不同温度下的膨化幼虫和若虫的蜕皮前期数据，建立了蜕皮前数学模型，并将其应用于野外按蚊的季节性动态数据。蜕皮前模型表明，幼虫和若虫之间以及若虫和成虫之间的田间间隔完全由非滞育事件（例如地温）控制。我们得出的结论是，巴西东南部的a。cajennense的1年生成模式主要受幼虫行为滞育的控制，其表现为春季/夏季月份出生的幼虫，然后在下一个秋季活动。

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