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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Investigation of relationships between temperature and developmental rates of tick Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field
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Investigation of relationships between temperature and developmental rates of tick Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field

机译：在实验室和田间调查壁tick虱（Axari scapularis）（Acari：Ixodidae）的温度与发育速率之间的关系

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摘要

Relationships between temperature and preoviposition, preeclosion, and premolt developmental periods for the tick Ixodes scapularis Say were investigated by holding field-collected ticks in the laboratory at temperatures of 0 to 32 degrees C at constant daylength. The duration of these developmental periods decreased significantly with increasing temperature. Host of origin, prior storage at 4 degrees C, and season of collection of the ticks were also significantly associated with variations in the duration of the preoviposition period. For each developmental stage, the effect of temperature on development rate was best described as a power relationship. Laboratory-derived relationships were used to predict dates for molting, oviposition, and eclosion of engorged larvae and nymphs, engorged adult females and egg masses, respectively, placed in the field during 1989-1992. Predicted dates for oviposition by adult females, eclosion of eggs, and molting of engorged larvae were within 2 wk of the observed dates, and field-observed seasonal activity of questing larvae and nymphs also was predicted well by laboratory data. Molting of engorged nymphs and seasonal activity of questing adult ticks were, however, poorly predicted. Our findings suggest that duration of development in the field, of larvae from engorged adult females, and of nymphs from engorged larvae, may be explained largely by temperature effects alone, whereas emergence of adult I. scapularis from engorged nymphs may depend on temperature-independent diapause phenomena. The significance of these findings for understanding current and future distributions of I. scapularis, and of the pathogens it transmits, is discussed.
机译：通过在实验室中将田间采集的tick虫在0至32摄氏度的温度下保持恒定的白天，来研究x虫的肩pre，产卵前，蜕皮前和蜕皮前发育时期之间的关系。这些发育时期的持续时间随着温度的升高而显着减少。产地来源，先前在4摄氏度下的储存以及the的采集季节也与产卵前期的持续时间显着相关。对于每个发育阶段，温度对发育速率的影响最好用幂次关系来描述。使用实验室衍生的关系来预测1989-1992年间在田间放置的，饱食的幼虫和若虫，饱食的成年雌虫和卵团的蜕皮，产卵和脱落的日期。成年雌性产卵的预测日期，卵的抽出和膨大的幼虫的蜕皮在所观察到的日期的两周之内，并且实验室数据也很好地预测了实地观察到的觅食幼虫和若虫的季节性活动。但是，对若虫充血的蜕皮蜕皮和寻找成年s的季节性活动的预测较差。我们的研究结果表明，田间发育，成年雌性虫和成虫中若虫的发育持续时间可能主要由温度效应来解释，而成年I肩cap虫的出现可能取决于温度独立性。滞育现象。讨论了这些发现对理解肩cap鱼及其传播的病原体的当前和未来分布的意义。

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