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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Abundance of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) after the complete removal of deer from an isolated offshore island, endemic for Lyme Disease
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Abundance of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) after the complete removal of deer from an isolated offshore island, endemic for Lyme Disease

机译：从一个孤立的离岸岛屿上完全移走了鹿后，莱克斯氏病流行的肩I蚁（Acari：Ixodidae）的数量

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Monhegan is an isolated 237-ha island lying 16 km off the coast of Maine. Introduced to the island in 1955, white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman, reached a density of approximately 37/km2 by the mid-1990s. Black-legged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say, first noticed in the late 1980s, flourished thereafter. Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout) on Monhegan are highly infected with Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson, Schmidt, Hyde, Steigerwalt, and Brenner, the agent of Lyme disease. By 1996, 13% of year-round residents had contracted the disease. The community's subsequent decision to eliminate deer from the island provided a unique opportunity to monitor the abundance of vector ticks in response to the complete and permanent removal of the primary hosts of their reproductive stage. With the exception of humans and their dogs and cats, there are no other potential hosts for adult I. scapularis on Monhegan. From November 1996 to March 1999, all deer were removed from the island. Previous annual fall flagging of vegetation from 1990 to 1998 produced 6-17 adult ticks/h, of which 24-41% were infected with the Lyme disease spirochete. During this same period, up to 18 larvae and 4 nymphs were removed per Norway rat live-trapped on the island each July. With the absence of deer in the fall of 1999, both the density of host-seeking adult ticks and infection prevalence rose substantially to 28/h and 75.0%, respectively. By the summer of 2003, however, no sub-adult ticks were found on rats, and that fall, only 0.67 adult ticks/h were flagged. Of the 68 adults collected from 2002 to 2003, 20 (29.4%) were infected. Over this same period, adult tick abundance on a deer-populated, reference island continued to gradually increase.
机译：蒙黑根（Monhegan）是一个孤立的237公顷的岛屿，距缅因州海岸16公里。白尾鹿Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman于1955年被引入该岛，到1990年代中期，密度达到约37 / km2。黑腿tick（Ixodes scapularis Say）于1980年代后期首次发现，此后蓬勃发展。 Monhegan上的挪威大鼠（Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout）被伯氏疏螺旋体Johnson，Schmidt，Hyde，Steigerwalt和Brenner（莱姆病的病原）高度感染。到1996年，全年有13％的居民染上了这种疾病。社区随后决定从岛上消灭鹿提供了独特的机会来监测媒介vector的数量，以响应其繁殖阶段主要宿主的彻底和永久性移出。除人类及其狗和猫外，Monhegan上没有其他潜在的成年肩cap鱼寄主。从1996年11月到1999年3月，所有鹿都从岛上移走了。从1990年到1998年，以前每年的秋季植被旗标产生6-17个成人tick / h，其中24-41％的人感染了莱姆病螺旋体。在同一时期，每年7月，在该岛上活捉的每只挪威老鼠，最多会取出18只幼虫和4只若虫。由于在1999年秋季没有鹿，寻求寄主的s的密度和感染率分别显着提高到28 / h和75.0％。但是，到2003年夏天，在大鼠上没有发现亚成年tick，而到了秋天，只有0.67个成年s被标记。在2002年至2003年收集的68名成人中，有20名（29.4％）被感染。在同一时期，鹿岛上的参考岛上的成年tick数量不断增加。

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