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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Addition of Alarm Pheromone Components Improves the Effectiveness of Desiccant Dusts Against Cimex lectularius
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Addition of Alarm Pheromone Components Improves the Effectiveness of Desiccant Dusts Against Cimex lectularius

机译：警报信息素成分的添加提高了除尘剂对Cimex lectularius的有效性

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摘要

We demonstrate that the addition of bed bug, Cimex lectularius,, alarm pheromone to desiccant formulations greatly enhances their effectiveness during short-term exposure. Two desiccant formulations, diatomaceous earth (DE) and Dri-die (silica gel), were applied at the label rate with and without bed bug alarm pheromone components, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-octenal, and a (E)-2-hexenal: (E)-2-octenal blend. First-instar nymphs and adult females were subjected to 10-min exposures, and water loss rates were used to evaluate the response. Optimal effectiveness was achieved with a pheromone concentration of 0.01 M. With Dri-die alone, the water loss was 21% higher than in untreated controls, and water loss increased nearly two times with (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-octenal and three times with the (E)-2-hexenal: (E)-2-octenal blend. This shortened survival of first-instar nymphs from 4 to 1 d, with a similar reduction noted in adult females. DE was effective only if supplemented with pheromone, resulting in a 50% increase in water loss over controls with the (E)-2-hexenal: (E)-2-octenal blend, and a survival decrease from 4 to 2 d in first-instar nymphs. Consistently, the addition of the pheromone blend to desiccant dust was more effective than adding either component by itself or by using Dri-die or DE alone. Based on observations in a small microhabitat, the addition of alarm pheromone components prompted bed bugs to leave their protective harborages and to move through the desiccant, improving the use of desiccants for control. We concluded that short exposure to Dri-die is a more effective treatment against bed bugs than DE and that the effectiveness of the desiccants can be further enhanced by incorporation of alarm pheromone. Presumably, the addition of alarm pheromone elevates excited crawling activity, thereby promoting cuticular changes that increase water loss.
机译：我们证明，在干燥剂配方中添加臭虫，Cimex lectularius，警报信息素可大大增强其在短期暴露期间的功效。两种干燥剂配方，硅藻土（DE）和Dri-die（硅胶），在有和没有臭虫警报信息素成分的情况下均以标记率施用：（E）-2-己烯醛，（E）-2-辛烯醛和（E）-2-己烯醛：（E）-2-辛烯混合物。对第一龄若虫和成年雌性进行10分钟的暴露，并使用失水率来评估反应。信息素浓度为0.01 M时，效果最佳。单独使用Dri-die时，水分损失比未经处理的对照高21％，并且（E）-2-hexenal和（E）- （E）-2-辛烯的2辛基和3次：（E）-2-辛烯的混合。这使第一龄若虫的存活时间从4 d缩短到了1 d，成年雌性也有类似的下降。 DE仅在补充信息素的情况下才有效，与（E）-2-hexenal：（E）-2-辛烯醛混合物相比，失水量比对照增加50％，存活时间从4 d降低至2 d -仙女若虫。一致地，将信息素混合物添加到干燥粉尘中比单独添加任何一种成分或单独使用Dri-die或DE添加更有效。根据在一个小型微生境中的观察，警报信息素成分的添加促使臭虫离开其保护性庇护所并通过干燥剂，从而改善了干燥剂的控制使用率。我们得出的结论是，与DE相比，短期接触Dri-die是对臭虫的更有效治疗，并且通过引入警报信息素可以进一步提高干燥剂的有效性。据推测，警报信息素的添加会提高兴奋的爬行活动，从而促进表皮变化，从而增加水分流失。

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