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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Avian Biology >Nestling birds put their best flange forward
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Nestling birds put their best flange forward

机译：雏鸟发挥出自己的最佳优势

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摘要

The offspring of caring parents may evolve specialized traits uniquely adaptive during their dependence on parental care. For example, the mouths of passerine nestlings are often bordered by enlarged and colorful rictal flanges expressed only during the nestling period. Although these traits are commonly hypothesized to act as visual signals during begging, non-communication functions for the specialized mouth have been proposed as well. To test the hypothesis that nestling flange colors have evolved largely or exclusively as visual signals, I compared the reflectance of flange tissue that would be visible to parents during begging to that of flange tissue not exposed during begging in nestling house sparrows Passer domesticus and cliff swallows Petrochelidon pyrrhonota. Specifically, I tested the prediction that both condition-dependent color parameters and those associated with visual conspicuousness would be expressed more intensely in tissue displayed during begging. Consistent with this prediction, flange tissue exposed during begging was brighter (reflected more total light), more UV-rich, and had more intense carotenoid-based coloration than hidden tissue. These differences do not exclude a non-signaling function for flanges, but are consistent with the hypothesis that flange colors have evolved as visual signals.
机译：有爱心的父母的后代在依赖父母照料的过程中可能会进化出独特的适应性特质。例如，雀形目雏鸟的嘴通常被仅在雏鸟时期表现出的扩大的和多彩的米卡耳凸缘所包围。尽管通常假设这些特征在乞讨期间充当视觉信号，但是也已经提出了专用嘴的非通信功能。为了检验这种假设，即雏鸟的凸缘颜色主要或仅作为视觉信号进化，我比较了在乞讨期间父母可以看见的凸缘组织的反射率与在雏鸟麻雀中乞讨时未暴露的凸缘组织的反射率。 Petrochelidon pyrrhonota。具体来说，我测试了这样的预测：在乞讨过程中显示的组织中，与条件相关的颜色参数以及与视觉显眼性相关的颜色参数都将更加强烈地表达出来。与该预测一致，乞讨时暴露的突缘组织比隐藏的组织更亮（反射更多的总光），更富含紫外线，并且具有更强烈的基于类胡萝卜素的着色。这些差异不排除法兰的无信号功能，但与法兰颜色已演变为视觉信号的假设相一致。

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