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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Avian Biology >Allelic variation at innate immune genes (avian beta-defensins), within a natural population of great tits
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Allelic variation at innate immune genes (avian beta-defensins), within a natural population of great tits

机译：在自然的大山雀种群中，先天免疫基因（禽类β-防御素）的等位基因变异

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In order to fully understand pathogen induced natural variation in fitness in wild animal populations it is important to identify and study the degree of non-synonymous alleles in genes that code for components of the immune system. This study investigates the degree of natural genetic variation at 6 innate immune genes belonging to the -defensin family within a single population of birds, the great tits Parus major. In 40 adult individuals, all belonging to the same local population in Wytham Woods, Oxford, UK, screened across 6 different -defensin genes, all but one individual showed non-synonymous heterozygosity within the exon coding for the mature defensin peptide. The non-synonomous variation was thus associated with the part of the defensin gene that directly interacts with potential pathogens. Within the sample, 31 different genotypes were identified across the 6 different loci. Much of the found allelic variation affected the amino acid composition, which in turn alter the net charge and hydrophilicity of the produced peptide; properties associated with the efficiency of binding to and rupture pathogens. This study demonstrates that non-synonymous genetic variation exists at -defensins genes, a part of the immune system that forms an important first line of defence against various pathogens. Understanding the degree of underlying genetic variation at different parts of the immune system will help achieve a holistic view of the reasons behind individual variation in pathogen susceptibility, as well as why individuals are affected differently once they become infected.
机译：为了充分了解病原体引起的野生动物种群适应性的自然变化，重要的是鉴定和研究编码免疫系统成分的基因中非同义等位基因的程度。这项研究调查了在单个鸟类群（大山雀，大山雀）内属于-defensin家族的6个先天免疫基因的自然遗传变异程度。在英国牛津怀瑟姆森林的40个成年个体中，他们都属于同一个本地人群，他们通过6种不同的防御素基因进行了筛选，除一个个体外，所有个体均在编码成熟防御素肽的外显子中显示出非同义的杂合性。因此，非共生变异与防御素基因的直接与潜在病原体相互作用的部分有关。在样品中，在6个不同的基因座中鉴定出31种不同的基因型。发现的许多等位基因变异影响了氨基酸组成，从而改变了所产生肽的净电荷和亲水性。与病原体结合和破裂效率相关的特性。这项研究表明，-defensins基因存在非同义的遗传变异，这是免疫系统的一部分，形成了抵抗各种病原体的重要第一道防线。了解免疫系统不同部分的潜在遗传变异程度将有助于全面了解病原体易感性个体变异背后的原因，以及个体受感染后受到不同影响的原因。

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