Root-knot nematodes {Meloidogyne spp.) are extremely destructive in the southeastern United States. Vegetable crop infection often leads to significant yield loss. Soil fumigation, especially with methyl bromide, is a common root-knot nematode controltactic. The mandatory reduction in methyl bromide use and the restricted use of other chemical fumigants place crops and conventional growers at risk. Organic producers rely on crop variety resistance and management practices designed to maintain stableand diverse soil communities. These management practices can keep nematodes (and other soilbome pathogens) in check. However, once established, pests can cause repeated and significant yield losses. Also, nematode resistant vegetable varieties are oftennot available, are not horticulturally acceptable, or are only partially effective (resistance breaks down under high temperatures common in places like Florida). Crop rotation also limits the damage caused by nematode populations. Still, few growers can rely on it strongly for a number of reasons. For example, Meloidogyne spp. affect many crops and many weeds also host the pest - giving it refuge between crops. So, additional tools are needed to manage root-knot nematodes. The Tomato Magazine contacted two experts in the area to get an update on root-knot nematode control. Dr. Nancy Kokalis-Burelle and Dr. Erin Rosskopf of the USDA-ARS in Ft. Pierce, FL shared their insights on the topic.
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