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Role of domains 4 and 5 in elongation factor G functions on the ribosome.

机译:结构域4和5在核糖体上的延伸因子G功能中的作用。

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摘要

Elongation factor G (EF-G) is a large, five domain GTPase that catalyses the translocation of the tRNAs on the bacterial ribosome at the expense of GTP. In the crystal structure of GDP-bound EF-G, domain 1 (G domain) makes direct contacts with domains 2 and 5, whereas domain 4 protrudes from the body of the molecule. Here, we show that the presence of both domains 4 and 5 is essential for tRNA translocation and for the turnover of the factor on the ribosome, but not for rapid single-round GTP hydrolysis by EF-G. Replacement of a highly conserved histidine residue at the tip of domain 4, His583, with lysine or arginine decreases the rate of tRNA translocation at least 100-fold, whereas the binding of the factor to the ribosome, GTP hydrolysis and P(i) release are not affected by the mutations. Various small deletions in the tip region of domain 4 decrease the translocation activity of EF-G even further, but do not block the turnover of the factor. Unlike native EF-G, the mutants of EF-G lacking domains 4/5 do not interact with the alpha-sarcin stem-loop of 23 S rRNA. These mutants are not released from the ribosome after GTP hydrolysis or translocation, indicating that the contact with, or a conformational change of, the alpha-sarcin stem-loop is required for EF-G release from the ribosome. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
机译:延伸因子G(EF-G)是一个大的五结构域GTP酶,它催化tRNA在细菌核糖体上的转运,但以GTP为代价。在与GDP结合的EF-G的晶体结构中,结构域1(G域)与结构域2和5直接接触,而结构域4从分子的主体突出。在这里,我们显示结构域4和5的存在对于tRNA易位和核糖体上该因子的更新至关重要,但对于EF-G快速单轮GTP水解不是必需的。用赖氨酸或精氨酸替换结构域4 His583尖端的高度保守的组氨酸残基可降低tRNA易位率至少100倍,而该因子与核糖体的结合,GTP水解和P(i)释放不受突变的影响。结构域4的末端区域中的各种小缺失甚至进一步降低了EF-G的易位活性,但是不阻止因子的转换。与天然EF-G不同,缺少结构域4/5的EF-G突变体不会与23 S rRNA的alpha-sarcin茎环相互作用。这些突变体在GTP水解或易位后并未从核糖体中释放出来,表明EF-G从核糖体中释放需要与α-sarcin茎环接触或构象改变。版权所有2000学术出版社。

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