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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Materials Chemistry, A. Materials for energy and sustainability >Nitrogen dioxide sensing using tungsten oxide microspheres with hierarchical nanorod-assembled architectures by a complexing surfactant-mediated hydrothermal route
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Nitrogen dioxide sensing using tungsten oxide microspheres with hierarchical nanorod-assembled architectures by a complexing surfactant-mediated hydrothermal route

机译：使用具有分级纳米棒组装结构的氧化钨微球通过复杂的表面活性剂介导的水热途径进行二氧化氮传感

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摘要

WO3 microspheres with hierarchical nanorod-assembled architectures were successfully synthesized by a complexing surfactant-mediated hydrothermal method in the presence of K2SO4 and H2C2O4 with a molar ratio of 1 : 1. Microstructural characterization by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that WO3 microspheres with diameters ranging from 3 to 5 mm were assembled by 90 nm diameter nanorods and had a single crystal hexagonal structure. The analysis results of the elemental composition and chemical state demonstrated that the obtained WO3 microspheres were nearly stoichiometric. Based on the experimental results, a possible growth mechanism consisting of nucleation, Ostwald ripening, and self-assembly of WO3 crystals was proposed. Gas sensing properties demonstrated that WO3 microspheres exhibited not only a high response and excellent reversibility to NO2, but also a good linear relationship between the response and NO2 concentration in the range of 1 to 10 ppm. The response and recovery times significantly decreased as the operating temperature increased gradually. The highest response of 790 to 20 ppm NO2 was obtained at a relatively low operating temperature of 100 degrees C, which revealed that WO3 microspheres were very promising for fabricating low-consumption chemical gas sensors. The electron depletion theory was used for explaining the gas sensing mechanism by the chemical adsorption and reaction of NO2 gas molecules on the surface of WO3 microspheres.
机译：在K2SO4和H2C2O4的摩尔比为1：1的条件下，通过络合表面活性剂介导的水热法成功合成了具有分级纳米棒组装结构的WO3微球。通过X射线衍射，扫描电子显微镜和透射电镜对微结构进行表征电子显微镜显示，直径3至5 mm的WO3微球由直径90 nm的纳米棒组装而成，并具有单晶六边形结构。元素组成和化学状态的分析结果表明，所获得的WO3微球几乎是化学计量的。根据实验结果，提出了一种可能的生长机理，包括成核，奥斯特瓦尔德熟化和WO3晶体自组装。气敏特性表明，WO3微球不仅表现出高响应性和对NO2的优异可逆性，而且响应与NO2浓度之间的线性关系良好，范围为1至10 ppm。随着工作温度逐渐升高，响应时间和恢复时间显着减少。在100摄氏度的相对较低的工作温度下获得了790对20 ppm NO2的最高响应，这表明WO3微球对于制造低消耗化学气体传感器非常有希望。利用电子耗竭理论通过WO 3微球表面的NO 2气体分子的化学吸附和反应来解释气体传感机理。

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