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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance >Development of Gd-Enriched Alloys for Spent Nuclear Fuel Applications--Part 1: Preliminary Characterization of Small Scale Gd-Enriched Stainless Steels
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Development of Gd-Enriched Alloys for Spent Nuclear Fuel Applications--Part 1: Preliminary Characterization of Small Scale Gd-Enriched Stainless Steels

机译：废核燃料应用中富Gd合金的开发-第1部分：小规模富Gd不锈钢的初步表征

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摘要

The influence of Gd additions on the microstructure and hardness of type 316L stainless steel was investigated by various microstructural characterization techniques. This work was conducted as a first step toward the development of Gd-enriched alloys for spent nuclear fuel applications. Small (approx 10 g) gas tungsten arc melt buttons were prepared to produce 316L stainless steel with Gd levels from 0.1-10 wt. percent Gd. Electron microprobe measurements showed that Gd is essentially insoluble in the austenite/ferrite matrix. All of the alloys formed an interdendritic (Fe, Ni, Cr)_3Gd intermetallic, and the amount of the (Fe, Ni, Cr)3Gd phase increased with increasing Gd concentration. Depending on the P and 0 levels, various amounts of Gd phosphides and oxides were also observed. The relatively high Ni concentration (approx 28 wt. percent Ni) and low Cr concentration (approx 3 wt. percent Cr) of the (Fe, Ni, Cr)_3Gd phase led to Ni depletion and Cr enrichment in the matrix which, in turn, affected the matrix stability. Alloys with 0.1-6 wt. percent Gd exhibited a two-phase ferrite/austenite matrix. Alloys containing 8 and 10 wt. percent Gd exhibited a fully ferritic matrix due to extensive Ni depletion/Cr enrichment and concomitant stabilization of ferrite. Hardness increased with increasing Gd concentration due to the formation of the (Fe, Ni, Cr)_3Gd intermetallic and the change in matrix structure from austenite to ferrite. A mass balance procedure is presented that accounts for changes to the matrix composition with Gd concentration. This procedure can be used to determine the nominal alloy composition required to produce a 316L-type matrix composition for any Gd level.
机译：通过各种显微组织表征技术研究了Gd的添加对316L型不锈钢显微组织和硬度的影响。这项工作是朝开发用于乏核燃料应用的富Gd合金迈出的第一步。制备了小的（约10 g）气体钨极电弧熔体纽扣，以生产Gd含量为0.1-10 wt。％的316L不锈钢。百分率电子探针测量表明，Gd基本不溶于奥氏体/铁素体基体。所有合金均形成了枝晶间（Fe，Ni，Cr）_3Gd金属间化合物，（Fe，Ni，Cr）3Gd相的含量随Gd浓度的增加而增加。取决于P和0水平，还观察到各种量的Gd磷化物和氧化物。 （Fe，Ni，Cr）_3Gd相的相对较高的Ni浓度（Ni的28％左右）和较低的Cr浓度（Cr的3％左右）导致基质中的Ni耗尽和Cr富集，进而，影响了基质的稳定性。 0.1-6 wt。 Gd百分比显示出两相铁素体/奥氏体基体。含8和10 wt。由于大量的Ni耗尽/ Cr富集和铁素体的稳定，Gd的百分数Gd表现出完全的铁素体基质。硬度随Gd浓度的增加而增加，这是由于（Fe，Ni，Cr）_3Gd金属间化合物的形成以及基体结构从奥氏体到铁素体的变化所致。提出了质量平衡程序，该程序说明了Gd浓度对基质组成的影响。该程序可用于确定生产任何Gd含量的316L型基体成分所需的名义合金成分。

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