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Mimicry of Natural Material Designs and Processes

机译:模仿天然材料的设计和工艺

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摘要

Biological structural materials, although composed of unremarkable substances synthesized at low temperatures, often exhibit superior mechanical properties. In particular, the quality In which nearly all biologically derived materials excel Is toughness. The advantageous mechanical properties are attributable to the hierarchical, composite, structural arrangements common to biological systems. Materials scientists and engineers have increasingly recognized that biological designs or processing approaches applied to man-made materials (biomimesis) may offer Improvements in performance over conventional designs and fabrication methods. In this survey, the structures and processing routes of marine shells, avian eggshells, wood, bone, and insect cuticle are briefly reviewed, and biomimesis research Inspired by these materials is discussed. In addition, this paper describes and summarizes the applications of biomineralization, self-assembly, and templating with proteins to the fabrication of thin ceramic films and nanostructure devices.
机译:生物结构材料尽管由低温合成的不起眼的物质组成,但通常表现出优异的机械性能。特别是,几乎所有生物来源的材料都具有出色的品质是韧性。有利的机械性能归因于生物系统共有的分级,复合,结构布置。材料科学家和工程师越来越认识到,应用于人造材料的生物设计或加工方法(生物模仿)可以提供比传统设计和制造方法更高的性能。在这项调查中,简要回顾了海洋贝壳,禽蛋壳,木材,骨头和昆虫表皮的结构和加工路线,并讨论了受这些材料启发的生物模仿研究。此外,本文描述并总结了生物矿化,自组装和蛋白质模板化在陶瓷薄膜和纳米结构器件制造中的应用。

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