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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of near infrared spectroscopy >The potential use of near infrared spectroscopy to discriminate between different pine species and their hybrids
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The potential use of near infrared spectroscopy to discriminate between different pine species and their hybrids

机译：利用近红外光谱技术区分不同松树物种及其杂种的潜力

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There is growing interest in the use of pine hybrids in commercial forestry plantations in the tropics and sub-tropics. However, the production of pine hybrid seeds can be difficult and is dependent on the presence of an adequate number of male and female strobili, timely application of the pollination bag, good pollination techniques and reasonable weather conditions. After pollination, a wait of two or more years is required for cones to mature and for seeds to be collected. The seeds collected from artificial hybrid crosses in an orchard are assumed to be true hybrids, but might also be the (female) pure species if pollen contamination has occurred prior to or during bagging of the male strobili. Confirming hybridity in pines is often very difficult in the seedling stage when only needle morphological characteristics are used. In this study, we examined ground oven-dried needle samples of 16 pine species from different geographic regions using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine if this method is effective in distinguishing between pine species. We also created three "simulated hybrids" by manually mixing needles from three sets of parental pure species. The raw near infrared reflectance spectroscopy data were transformed using standard normal variate and de-trending techniques and a model was developed to distinguish between pure pine species and their "hybrids" using discriminant analysis. A total of 120 paired-species models were developed (one for each potential hybrid of the 16 species). For each of the 120 paired-species models, there were 20 independent observations in a validation data set and the 2400 observations were classified with 94% accuracy. Models were also developed for each of six species-simulated hybrid data sets. A total of 120 independent validation observations were classified as either parental species or simulated hybrid with 90% accuracy. The results indicate that NIR spectroscopy can be used as an effective tool to distinguish between pure pine species and suggest that it will also distinguish hybrids from their parents. Using NIR spectroscopy to verify hybridity in pines might be quicker and less expensive and, in some cases, as accurate as using molecular techniques.
机译：在热带和亚热带的商业林业人工林中使用松树杂种的兴趣日益浓厚。但是，松树杂种的生产可能很困难，并且取决于是否存在足够数量的雄性和雌性可育性，及时使用授粉袋，良好的授粉技术和合理的天气条件。授粉后，需要等待两年或更长时间才能使视锥成熟并收集种子。从果园中的人工杂交杂种中收集的种子被认为是真正的杂种，但如果在雄性可育袋装之前或过程中发生了花粉污染，也可能是（雌性）纯种。当仅使用针的形态特征时，确认在松树中的杂种通常是非常困难的。在这项研究中，我们使用近红外（NIR）光谱法检查了来自不同地理区域的16种松树的地面干燥针刺样品，以确定此方法是否能有效区分松树。我们还通过手动混合来自三组亲本纯种的针来创建了三个“模拟杂种”。使用标准正态变量和去趋势技术对原始的近红外反射光谱数据进行转换，并使用判别分析开发了一个模型，以区分纯松树种及其“杂种”。总共开发了120个配对物种模型（对于16个物种的每个潜在杂交物种，一个模型）。对于120个配对物种模型中的每一个，在验证数据集中有20个独立观测值，对2400个观测值进行了分类，准确度为94％。还为六个物种模拟的杂交数据集中的每个模型开发了模型。总共120项独立的验证观察结果被归类为亲本物种或模拟杂种，准确率达到90％。结果表明，近红外光谱可以用作区分纯松树种的有效工具，并表明它还将区分杂种和其父本。使用NIR光谱法验证松树中的杂种可能更快，更便宜，并且在某些情况下与使用分子技术一样准确。

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