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Capacitance control of carbon aerogel electrodes

机译:碳气凝胶电极的电容控制

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摘要

Carbon aerogels are promising materials as electrodes for capacitive deionization (CDI) units and electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). An optimum process is presented for synthesis of nanoporous carbon aerogels via pyrolyzing resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) organic aerogels, which could be cost-effectively manufactured from RF wet gels by a modified ambient drying technique using acetone exchange/controlled evaporation instead of conventional supercritical drying. The linear shrinkage of RF aerogel during ambient-drying of wet gels was controlled to be less than 4%, almost same as that of supercritical drying. Carbon aerogels obtained by pyrolyzing of RF aerogels (specific surface area 300-400 m(2)/g) retains high specific surface area (400-700 m(2)/g), low density (0.40-1.16 g/cm(3)), and ultrafine pore size (<50 nm) depending on the pH 3.0-6.5 range of the starting RF solution. The specific capacitance of carbon aerogel electrodes activated at 450degreesC in air environment for 1 h has been improved to 220 F/g. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译:碳气凝胶是有前途的材料,可用作电容性去离子(CDI)单元和双电层电容器(EDLC)的电极。提出了一种通过热解间苯二酚-甲醛(RF)有机气凝胶合成纳米多孔碳气凝胶的最佳方法,该方法可以通过改良的环境干燥技术,使用丙酮交换/控制蒸发代替常规的超临界干燥,从RF湿凝胶中经济高效地生产。 。 RF气凝胶在室温干燥湿凝胶期间的线性收缩率控制在4%以下,与超临界干燥几乎相同。通过热解RF气凝胶(比表面积300-400 m(2)/ g)获得的碳气凝胶保留高比表面积(400-700 m(2)/ g),低密度(0.40-1.16 g / cm(3) )和超细孔径(<50 nm),具体取决于起始RF溶液的pH 3.0-6.5范围。在空气环境中在450摄氏度下激活1小时的碳气凝胶电极的比电容已提高到220 F / g。 (C)2004 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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