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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites >The nature of phase separation in binary oxide melts and glasses. III. Borate and germanate systems [Review]
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The nature of phase separation in binary oxide melts and glasses. III. Borate and germanate systems [Review]

机译：二元氧化物熔体和玻璃中相分离的性质。三，硼酸盐和锗酸盐系统[评论]

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摘要

A review of immiscibility data in binary borate and germanate systems was performed in order to compare miscibility gap consolute temperatures with ionic potentials and radii of their associated cations. The trends obtained demonstrate that a selective solution mechanism similar to the one identified for the binary silicate systems is present in the borate and germanate binaries. More importantly, the borate and germanate immiscibility data permitted the identification of a new group of cations depicting an immiscibility behaviour different from the ones identified in binary silicate systems. The new group involves highly polarizable cations possessing a lone pair of electrons. This lone pair of electrons together with oxygen bonded by strong covalent bonds to modifier cations provides efficient shielding to the cations' nuclei which considerably reduces the coulombic repulsions and produces miscibility gaps with very low consolute temperatures. A new group of cations having an homogenizing effect on melts (i.e. a capacity to make immiscible melts single phase) is thus reported. Experimental and spectroscopic data suggest that miscibility gaps associated with cations having a lone pair of electrons exist in binary silicate systems such as TlO1/2-SiO2, PbO-SiO2, SnO-SiO2 and Bi2O3-SiO2. The consolute temperature of their miscibility gaps is expected to be relatively low and metastable. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 123]
机译：对二价硼酸盐和锗酸盐系统中的不溶混性数据进行了综述，以比较溶混间隙的固相温度与离子电势及其相关阳离子的半径。获得的趋势表明，在硼酸盐和锗酸盐二元体系中存在与二元硅酸盐体系相似的选择性溶液机理。更重要的是，硼酸盐和锗酸盐的不溶混溶性数据允许鉴定一组新的阳离子，这些阳离子描述了与二元硅酸盐体系中鉴定的不溶混性不同的阳离子。新的一组涉及具有孤对电子的高度极化的阳离子。电子与氧的孤对通过强共价键键合到改性剂阳离子上，为阳离子核提供了有效的屏蔽，这大大降低了库仑排斥力，并在非常低的固溶温度下产生了可混溶性间隙。因此报道了一组新的对熔体具有均质作用的阳离子（即具有使不溶混的熔体成为单相的能力）。实验和光谱数据表明，在二元硅酸盐体系中，例如TlO1 / 2-SiO2，PbO-SiO2，SnO-SiO2和Bi2O3-SiO2，存在与具有孤对电子的阳离子相关的混溶间隙。它们的可混溶间隙的恒定温度预计相对较低且处于亚稳态。 （C）2002 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。 [参考：123]

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