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Designing shale-well proxy models for field development and production optimization problems

机译：针对现场开发和生产优化问题设计页岩井代理模型

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The surge to maintain a high and sustainable gas supply causes shale-gas fields to be developed with a high number of wells and an extensive infrastructure. This may result in large and complex optimization problems in order to utilize shared infrastructure, optimize the field design, and improve the recovery of the natural-gas resource. Solving large-scale, field-wide shale-gas optimization problems put different requirements on the well and reservoir models than conventional history matching, as it is crucial that the models are low ordered, numerically efficient and adaptable to changing operating conditions. To this end, using appropriately designed proxy models is critical. In this paper, we construct a dynamic shale-well proxy model based on the first principles for gas flow in dry shale-gas reservoirs, rendering a semi-physical modeling approach between purely data-driven black-box models and detailed numerical models. To tune proxy models, we propose a parameter-estimation scheme that incorporates prefiltering of prediction errors between the proxy model and reference data. The prefiltering approach provides a means for emphasizing certain ranges of the dynamics in the model, and thus constitutes a structured approach for defining weights in the accompanying weighted least-squares problem. Further, we show how the proposed approach allows for considering the model tuning and spatial grid design as a joint problem with respect to the purpose of the proxy model. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：维持高水平和可持续的天然气供应的热潮促使页岩气田开发了很多井和广泛的基础设施。为了利用共享的基础设施，优化现场设计并改善天然气资源的回收，这可能会导致大型和复杂的优化问题。解决大规模，全油田页岩气优化问题对井和储层模型的要求与传统的历史匹配方法不同，因为至关重要的是，这些模型必须是低阶的，在数值上有效并且能够适应不断变化的工作条件。为此，使用适当设计的代理模型至关重要。在本文中，我们基于干页岩气储层中气体流动的第一个原理构建了动态页岩井代理模型，在纯数据驱动的黑箱模型和详细的数值模型之间提出了一种半物理建模方法。为了调整代理模型，我们提出了一种参数估计方案，该方案在代理模型和参考数据之间合并了预测误差的预过滤。预过滤方法提供了一种在模型中强调动态范围的方法，因此构成了一种结构化的方法，用于在伴随的加权最小二乘问题中定义权重。此外，我们展示了所提出的方法如何考虑将模型调整和空间网格设计视为关于代理模型目的的共同问题。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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