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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Nematology, with Annual of Applied Nematology >Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes to Plum Curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar: Effects of Strain, Temperature, and Soil Type
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Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes to Plum Curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar: Effects of Strain, Temperature, and Soil Type

机译：致病性线虫对梅树，Conotrachelus nenuphar的毒力：应变，温度和土壤类型的影响

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摘要

The plum curculio, Conotrachelas nenuphar, is a major pest of stone and pome fruit (e.g., apples, pears, peaches, cherries, etc.). Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema spp. and Heterorhabditis spp.) may be used to control the larval stage of C. nenuphar following fruit drop. Indeed, certain entomopathogenic nematodes species have previously been shown to be highly effective in killing C. nenuphar larvae in laboratory and field trials. In field trials conducted in the Southeastern, USA, Steinernema riobrave has thus far been shown to be the most effective species. However, due to lower soil temperatures, other entomopathogenic nematode strains or species may be more appropriate for use against C. nenuphar in the insect's northern range. Thus, the objective of this study was to conduct a broad screening of entomopathogenic nematodes. Under laboratory conditions, we determined the virulence of 13 nematode strains (comprising nine species) in two different soils (a loam and clay-loam) and three different temperatures (12 C, 18 C, and 25 C). Superior virulence was observed in S. feltiae (SN strain), S. rarum (17 C&E strain), and S. riobrave (355 strain). Promising levels of virulence were also observed in others including H. indica (HOM1 strain), H. bacteriophora (Oswego strain), S. kraussei, and S. carpocapsae (Sal strain). All nematode treatments were affected by temperature with the highest virulence observed at the highest temperature (25 degrees C). In future research, field tests will be used to further narrow down the Most suitable nematode species for C. nemtphar control.
机译：李子（Conotrachelas nenuphar）是一种主要的核果和梨果害虫（例如，苹果，梨，桃子，樱桃等）。昆虫病原线虫（Steinernema spp。和Heterorhabditis spp。）可用于控制落果后C. nenuphar的幼虫期。确实，以前已经在实验室和现场试验中证明了某些昆虫病原线虫物种在杀死念珠菌幼虫方面非常有效。在美国东南部进行的田间试验中，迄今已证明Steinernema riobrave是最有效的物种。但是，由于土壤温度较低，其他昆虫致病线虫菌株或物种可能更适合用于防治该昆虫北部范围内的C. nenuphar。因此，本研究的目的是对昆虫病原线虫进行广泛的筛选。在实验室条件下，我们确定了两种不同土壤（壤土和黏土壤土）和三种不同温度（12 C，18 C和25 C）中13种线虫菌株（包含9种）的毒力。在毡状链球菌（SN菌株），S。rarum（17 C＆E菌株）和S. riobrave（355菌株）中观察到了优异的毒力。在其他物种中也观察到有希望的毒力水平，其中包括印度H麻（HOM1株），细菌嗜血杆菌（Oswego株），克雷索氏菌和卡波氏菌（Sal株）。所有线虫治疗均受到温度的影响，在最高温度（25摄氏度）下观察到最高的毒力。在未来的研究中，将通过现场试验进一步缩小控制线虫的最合适线虫种类。

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