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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Cholinergic contribution to excitation in a spinal locomotor central pattern generator in Xenopus embryos.
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Cholinergic contribution to excitation in a spinal locomotor central pattern generator in Xenopus embryos.

机译：胆碱能对非洲爪蟾胚胎脊髓运动中心模式发生器中兴奋的贡献。

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摘要

1. We have investigated whether in Xenopus embryos, spinal interneurons of the central pattern generator (CPG) receive cholinergic or electrical excitatory input during swimming. The functions of cholinergic excitation during swimming were also investigated. 2. Intracellular recordings were made from rhythmically active presumed premotor interneurons in the dorsal third of the spinal cord. After locally blocking inhibitory potentials with 2 microM strychnine and 40 microM bicuculline, the reliability of spike firing and the amplitude of fast, on-cycle, excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) underlying the single on-cycle spikes were measured during fictive swimming. 3. The nicotinic antagonists d-tubocurarine and dihydro-beta-erythroidine (DH beta E, both 10 microM) reversibly reduced the reliability of the spike firing during swimming and reduced the amplitude of the on-cycle EPSP by 16%. DH beta E also reduced the EPSP amplitude in spinalized embryos by 22%. These results indicate that interneurons receive rhythmic cholinergic excitation from a source within the spinal cord. 4. Combined applications of nicotinic and excitatory amino acid (EAA) antagonists or cadmium (Cd2+, 100-200 microM) resulted in complete block of the fast EPSP, suggesting that interneurons do not receive electrical excitation. 5. The nicotinic antagonists mecamylamine and d-tubocurarine (both 5 microM) reduced the duration of episodes of fictive swimming recorded from the ventral roots, in spinal embryos. When applied in the middle of a long episode, d-tubocurarine decreased the swimming frequency, ruling out an effect on the initiation pathway. The cholinesterase inhibitor eserine (10 microM) increased the duration of swimming episodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
机译：1.我们研究了在非洲爪蟾胚胎中，中央模式发生器（CPG）的脊髓中间神经在游泳过程中是否接受胆碱能或电兴奋性输入。还研究了游泳过程中胆碱能兴奋的功能。 2.从节律活跃的推测的脊髓前三分之一的运动前神经元进行细胞内记录。在用2 microM的士丁宁和40 microM的双甲胆碱局部阻断抑制电位后，在虚拟游泳过程中测量了刺突发射的可靠性以及单个突触峰上的快速，循环，兴奋性突触后突触电位（EPSP）的幅度。 3.烟碱类拮抗剂d-微管尿素和二氢-β-类胡萝卜素（DHβE，均为10 microM）可逆地降低了游泳过程中尖峰发射的可靠性，并使循环中EPSP的幅度降低了16％。 DHβE还使脊髓胚胎中的EPSP振幅降低了22％。这些结果表明中间神经元从脊髓内的一个来源接受节律性胆碱能激发。 4.烟酸和兴奋性氨基酸（EAA）拮抗剂或镉（Cd2 +，100-200 microM）的联合应用可导致快速EPSP完全受阻，表明中间神经元不接受电激发。 5.烟碱类拮抗剂美加明胺和d-微管尿素（均为5 microM）可减少脊髓胚胎腹侧根部虚构游泳发作的持续时间。在长时间发作的中期应用时，d-微管尿素降低了游泳频率，排除了对起始途径的影响。胆碱酯酶抑制剂色氨酸（10 microM）增加了游泳发作的持续时间（摘要截断为250字）

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