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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course
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Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course

机译：间隔时间的知觉学习中的二分法：平均准确度和精密度的校准在特异性和时程上有所不同

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摘要

Our brain is inexorably confronted with a dynamic environment in which it has to fine-tune spatiotemporal representations of incoming sensory stimuli and commit to a decision accordingly. Among those representations needing constant calibration is interval timing, which plays a pivotal role in various cognitive and motor tasks. To investigate how perceived time interval is adjusted by experience, we conducted a human psychophysical experiment using an implicit interval-timing task in which observers responded to an invisible bar drifting at a constant speed. We tracked daily changes in distributions of response times for a range of physical time intervals over multiple days of training with two major types of timing performance, mean accuracy and precision. We found a decoupled dynamics of mean accuracy and precision in terms of their time course and specificity of perceptual learning. Mean accuracy showed feedback-driven instantaneous calibration evidenced by a partial transfer around the time interval trained with feedback, while timing precision exhibited a long-term slow improvement with no evident specificity. We found that a Bayesian observer model, in which a subjective time interval is determined jointly by a prior and likelihood function for timing, captures the dissociative temporal dynamics of the two types of timing measures simultaneously. Finally, the model suggested that the width of the prior, not the likelihoods, gradually shrinks over sessions, substantiating the important role of prior knowledge in perceptual learning of interval timing.
机译：我们的大脑无可避免地面临着一个动态环境，在该环境中，它必须微调传入的感觉刺激的时空表示并做出相应的决定。在需要不断校准的这些表示中，有间隔时间，它在各种认知和运动任务中起着关键作用。为了研究经验如何调整感知的时间间隔，我们使用隐式间隔定时任务进行了人类心理物理实验，其中观察者对以恒定速度漂移的不可见条形做出响应。我们跟踪了多天的训练中一系列物理时间间隔内响应时间分布的每日变化，其中包括两种主要类型的计时性能，即平均准确度和精确度。我们发现平均准确度和精确度在时间过程和感知学习的特异性方面存在脱钩的动态。平均准确度显示出反馈驱动的瞬时校准，这是在经过反馈训练的时间间隔内部分转移证明的，而计时精度则表现出长期的缓慢改善，没有明显的特异性。我们发现贝叶斯观察者模型同时捕获主观时间间隔，该主观时间间隔由用于计时的先验和似然函数共同确定，该模型同时捕获了两种类型的计时度量的分离时间动态。最后，该模型表明先验的宽度而不是可能性在整个会话过程中逐渐缩小，从而证实了先验知识在间隔时间的感知学习中的重要作用。

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