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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Responses to task-irrelevant visual features by primate prefrontal neurons.
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Responses to task-irrelevant visual features by primate prefrontal neurons.

机译：灵长类前额叶神经元对与任务无关的视觉特征的反应。

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The primate brain is equipped with prefrontal circuits for interpreting visual information, but how these circuits deal with competing stimulus-response (S-R) associations remains unknown. Here we show different types of responses to task-irrelevant visual features in three functionally dissociated groups of primate prefrontal neurons. Two Japanese macaques participated in a goo-go task in which they had to discriminate either the color or the motion direction of a visual target to make a correct manual response. Prior to the experiment, the monkeys had been trained extensively so that they acquired fixed associations between visual features and required responses (e.g., "green = go"; "downward motion = no-go"). In this design, the monkey was confronted with a visual target from which it had to extract relevant information (e.g., color in the color-discrimination condition) while ignoring irrelevant information (e.g., motion direction in the color-discrimination condition). We recorded from 436 task-related prefrontal neurons while the monkey performed the multidimensional goo-go task: 139 (32%) neurons showed goo-go discrimination based on color as well as motion direction ("integration cells"); 192 neurons (44%) showed goo-go discrimination only based on color ("color-feature cells"); and 105 neurons (24%) showed goo-go discrimination only based on motion direction ("motion-feature cells"). Overall, however, 162 neurons (37%) were influenced by irrelevant information: 53 neurons (38%) among integration cells, 71 neurons (37%) among color-feature cells, and 38 neurons (36%) among motion-feature cells. Across all types of neurons, the response to an irrelevant feature was positively correlated with the response to the same feature when it was relevant, indicating that the influence from irrelevant information is a residual from S-R associations that are relevant in a different context. Temporal and anatomical differences among integration, color-feature and motion-feature cells suggested a sequential mode of information processing in prefrontal cortex, with integration cells situated toward the output of the decision-making process. In these cells, the response to irrelevant information appears as a congruency effect, with better goo-go discrimination when both the relevant and irrelevant feature are associated with the same response than when they are associated with different responses. This congruency effect could be the result of the combined input from color- and motion-feature cells. Thus these data suggest that irrelevant features lead to partial activation of neurons even toward the output of the decision-making process in primate prefrontal cortex.
机译：灵长类动物的大脑配备了用于解释视觉信息的前额叶回路，但是这些回路如何处理竞争性刺激-反应（S-R）关联仍然未知。在这里，我们在灵长类前额叶神经元的三个功能分离组中显示了与任务无关的视觉特征的不同类型的响应。两名日本猕猴参加了执行/不执行任务，其中他们必须辨别视觉目标的颜色或运动方向，以做出正确的手动响应。在实验之前，对猴子进行了广泛的训练，以使它们获得视觉特征和所需响应之间的固定关联（例如，“绿色=走”;“向下运动=不走”）。在这种设计中，猴子面对一个视觉目标，它不得不从中提取相关信息（例如，在颜色区分条件下的颜色），而忽略无关的信息（例如在颜色区分条件下的运动方向）。我们记录了436个与任务相关的前额叶神经元，而猴子则执行了多维“通过/不通过”任务：139（32％）个神经元基于颜色和运动方向（“整合细胞”）显示了通过/不通过的区分; 192个神经元（44％）仅根据颜色（“颜色特征细胞”）显示合格/不合格判断; 105个神经元（占24％）仅根据运动方向（“运动特征细胞”）显示通过/不通过的区分。但是，总体而言，有162个神经元（37％）受到无关信息的影响：整合细胞中53个神经元（38％），颜色特征细胞中71个神经元（37％）和运动特征细胞中38个神经元（36％） 。在所有类型的神经元中，当相关时，对无关特征的响应与对相同特征的响应正相关，这表明无关信息的影响是S-R关联在不同情况下相关的残差。整合，颜色特征和运动特征细胞之间的时间和解剖学差异表明前额叶皮层中信息处理的顺序模式，整合细胞位于决策过程的输出端。在这些单元格中，对无关信息的响应表现为全等效果，当相关特征和无关特征都与同一响应相关联时，与它们与不同响应相关联时相比，具有更好的通过/不通过判断。这种一致性效应可能是颜色和运动特征单元的组合输入的结果。因此，这些数据表明，无关的特征甚至会导致灵长类前额叶皮层决策过程的输出导致神经元的部分激活。

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