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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Frontal eye field sends delay activity related to movement, memory, and vision to the superior colliculus.
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Frontal eye field sends delay activity related to movement, memory, and vision to the superior colliculus.

机译：额眼视野将与运动，记忆和视觉有关的延迟活动发送到上丘。

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Many neurons within prefrontal cortex exhibit a tonic discharge between visual stimulation and motor response. This delay activity may contribute to movement, memory, and vision. We studied delay activity sent from the frontal eye field (FEF) in prefrontal cortex to the superior colliculus (SC). We evaluated whether this efferent delay activity was related to movement, memory, or vision, to establish its possible functions. Using antidromic stimulation, we identified 66 FEF neurons projecting to the SC and we recorded from them while monkeys performed a Go/Nogo task. Early in every trial, a monkey was instructed as to whether it would have to make a saccade (Go) or not (Nogo) to a target location, which permitted identification of delay activity related to movement. In half of the trials (memory trials), the target disappeared, which permitted identification of delay activity related to memory. In the remaining trials (visual trials), the target remained visible, which permitted identification of delay activity related to vision. We found that 77% (51/66) of the FEF output neurons had delay activity. In 53% (27/51) of these neurons, delay activity was modulated by Go/Nogo instructions. The modulation preceded saccades made into only part of the visual field, indicating that the modulation was movement-related. In some neurons, delay activity was modulated by Go/Nogo instructions in both memory and visual trials and seemed to represent where to move in general. In other neurons, delay activity was modulated by Go/Nogo instructions only in memory trials, which suggested that it was a correlate of working memory, or only in visual trials, which suggested that it was a correlate of visual attention. In 47% (24/51) of FEF output neurons, delay activity was unaffected by Go/Nogo instructions, which indicated that the activity was related to the visual stimulus. In some of these neurons, delay activity occurred in both memory and visual trials and seemed to represent a coordinate in visual space. In others, delay activity occurred only in memory trials and seemed to represent transient visual memory. In the remainder, delay activity occurred only in visual trials and seemed to be a tonic visual response. In conclusion, the FEF sends diverse delay activity signals related to movement, memory, and vision to the SC, where the signals may be used for saccade generation. Downstream transmission of various delay activity signals may be an important, general way in which the prefrontal cortex contributes to the control of movement.
机译：前额叶皮层内的许多神经元在视觉刺激和运动反应之间表现出强直性放电。这种延迟活动可能有助于运动，记忆和视觉。我们研究了前额叶皮层的额叶视野（FEF）到上丘（SC）的延迟活动。我们评估了这种传出的延迟活动是否与运动，记忆或视觉有关，以建立其可能的功能。通过使用反刺激，我们确定了66个FEF神经元投射到SC上，并在猴子执行Go / Nogo任务时从中记录下来。在每个试验的早期，都指示猴子是否必须对目标位置进行扫视（Go）或（Nogo）扫视，从而确定与运动有关的延迟活动。在一半的试验（记忆试验）中，目标消失了，从而可以确定与记忆有关的延迟活动。在其余的试验（视觉试验）中，目标仍然可见，从而可以识别与视觉有关的延迟活动。我们发现FEF输出神经元中有77％（51/66）具有延迟活动。在这些神经元的53％（27/51）中，延迟活动受Go / Nogo指令调节。调制先于扫视，之后才进入视野的一部分，表明调制与运动有关。在某些神经元中，延迟活动受到记忆和视觉试验中Go / Nogo指令的调节，似乎代表了一般的移动位置。在其他神经元中，仅在记忆试验中通过Go / Nogo指令调节延迟活动，这表明这与工作记忆有关，或者仅在视觉试验中，这与视觉注意有关。在47％（24/51）的FEF输出神经元中，延迟活动不受Go / Nogo指令的影响，这表明该活动与视觉刺激有关。在其中一些神经元中，延迟活动发生在记忆和视觉试验中，似乎代表了视觉空间的坐标。在其他人中，延迟活动仅发生在记忆试验中，似乎代表了短暂的视觉记忆。在其余的情况下，延迟活动仅发生在视觉试验中，似乎是一种强直性视觉反应。总之，FEF将与运动，记忆和视觉相关的各种延迟活动信号发送给SC，在SC处这些信号可用于扫视产生。各种延迟活动信号的下游传输可能是前额叶皮层有助于运动控制的一种重要的通用方法。

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