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首页> 外文期刊>Biophysical Chemistry: An International Journal Devoted to the Physical Chemistry of Biological Phenomena >The effect of lithium ions on the hydrophobic effect: does lithium affect hydrophobicity differently than other ions?
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The effect of lithium ions on the hydrophobic effect: does lithium affect hydrophobicity differently than other ions?

机译：锂离子对疏水作用的影响：锂对疏水性的影响与其他离子不同吗？

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摘要

Ionic species have been shown to significantly perturb the interactions between non-polar solutes in aqueous solution. These perturbations are often analyzed in terms of the interactions existing between hydrophobic surfaces and ions. It has been known for some time, that ions with a high charge density are repelled from hydrophobic surfaces while ions with a low charge density tend to stick to these surfaces. Therefore, from a continuum model standpoint, small monovalent ions promote hydrophobicity by minimizing the exposed hydrophobic surface area, while "sticky" large monovalent ions interact with the hydrophobic surfaces and discourage aggregation. However, the charge-dense lithium ion often exhibits anomalous behaviour different from these predicted trends: instead of enhancing, the addition of lithium ions often seems to weaken the hydrophobic effect and on the contrary help dissolve hydrophobic molecules. This weakening of apparent hydrophobicity is considered to be one of the reasons for the protein denaturing properties of lithium salts. Recent theoretical and experimental results however have shown that lithium cations can interact with a variety of molecular functional groups. This suggests that this apparent lithium-induced lowering of hydrophobicity, that is often reported in the literature may be a result of specific interactions between these molecular functional groups and lithium, rather than weakening the interaction between hydrophobic surfaces. This work examines these possibilities by studying the effect of various cations on the simple hydro-phobic interaction existing between methyl and phenyl contact-pairs and demonstrates that the effect of lithium cations on the hydrophobic effect follows the trend predicted by continuum models. In other words, the influence of an ion on the hydrophobic interaction between two non-polar surfaces is a function of the interaction of that ion and each non-polar surface.
机译：离子种类已显示出显着干扰水溶液中非极性溶质之间的相互作用。通常根据疏水性表面和离子之间存在的相互作用来分析这些扰动。一段时间以来，已知具有高电荷密度的离子被疏水表面排斥，而具有低电荷密度的离子倾向于粘附在这些表面上。因此，从连续模型的观点来看，小的一价离子通过使暴露的疏水表面积最小化来促进疏水性，而“粘性”的大单价离子则与疏水表面相互作用并阻止聚集。但是，电荷密集的锂离子通常表现出与这些预测趋势不同的异常行为：添加锂离子除了增强作用以外，通常似乎削弱了疏水作用，相反有助于溶解疏水分子。表观疏水性的这种减弱被认为是锂盐的蛋白质变性特性的原因之一。然而，最近的理论和实验结果表明锂阳离子可以与多种分子官能团相互作用。这表明在文献中经常报道的这种明显的锂诱导的疏水性降低可能是这些分子官能团和锂之间特定相互作用的结果，而不是削弱疏水表面之间的相互作用。这项工作通过研究各种阳离子对甲基和苯基接触对之间存在的简单疏水相互作用的影响来检验这些可能性，并证明锂阳离子对疏水作用的影响遵循连续模型预测的趋势。换句话说，离子对两个非极性表面之间疏水相互作用的影响是该离子与每个非极性表面相互作用的函数。

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