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Physiological Evidence of Attraction to Chance

机译:吸引机会的生理证据

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摘要

While economic models of risky choice assume a concave utility function for gains, experimental evidence reveals situations where otherwise risk-averse decision makers show risk-seeking behavior. In this article, we analyze a specific effect called attraction to chance and discuss the role of emotions in risky decision making as an explaining factor for this particular effect. In an experiment, we replicate the behavioral results on attraction to chance from a previous study and add physiological measures for the choice process. We find that attraction to chance can be explained by differences in emotions the subjects experience during the dynamic processes of different types of lotteries. These emotions can be cognitively reflected by the decision maker at the moment of choice and incorporated in expected utility. Therefore, we show the necessity to account for the fact that decision makers perceive lotteries as dynamic processes rather than as indivisible realizations of random variables.
机译:尽管风险选择的经济模型假定收益的效用函数是凹的,但实验证据表明,在某些情况下,规避风险的决策者会表现出寻求风险的行为。在本文中,我们分析了一种称为“吸引机会”的特殊效应,并讨论了情绪在风险决策中的作用,以此作为这种特殊效应的解释性因素。在一个实验中,我们从先前的研究中复制了吸引力吸引的行为结果,并为选择过程添加了生理指标。我们发现,对机会的吸引力可以用不同类型的彩票在动态过程中受试者经历的情绪差异来解释。这些情绪可以在选择时由决策者在认知上反映出来,并纳入预期效用中。因此,我们表明决策者将彩票视为动态过程而不是随机变量的不可分割的实现这一事实是必要的。

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