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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Molluscan Studies >A new poecilogonous species of sea slug (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa) from California: comparison with the planktotrophic congener Alderia modesta (Loven, 1844).
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A new poecilogonous species of sea slug (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa) from California: comparison with the planktotrophic congener Alderia modesta (Loven, 1844).

机译：来自加利福尼亚州的一种新的海参物种（Opisthobranchia：Sacoglossa）：与浮游生物同代植物Alderia modesta的比较（Loven，1844年）。

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摘要

Cryptic species arc increasingly recognized as commonplace among marine gastropods, especially in taxa such as shell-less opisthobranchs that lack many discrete taxonomic characters. Most cases of poecilogony, the presence of variable larval development within a single species, have historically turned out to represent cryptic species, with each possessing a single canalized type of development. One well-characterized example of poccilogony was attributed to the sacoglossan opisthobranch Alderia modesta; in Southern California, slugs resembling this member of a monotypic genus produce both long-lived, planktotrophic and short-lived, lecithotrophic larvae. Paradoxically, however, A. modesta is exclusively planktotrophic everywhere else in the northern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. A recently completed molecular study found that slugs from poccilogonous populations south of Bodega Harbor, California, comprise an evolutionarily distinct lineage separate from northern, strictly planktotrophic slugs. We now describe the southern species as A. willowi n. sp., based on differences in morphology of the dorsum and radula, characteristics of the egg mass, larval development mode and nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers. A DNA barcode is provided, based on 27 fixed differences in the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene that can reliably, differentiate Pacific specimens of Alderia species. Genetic and morphological data are concordant with developmental evidence, confirming that A. willowi is a true case of poecilogony. An improved understanding of the ecological differences between these sister taxa may, shed light on the selective pressures that drove the evolution of lecithotrophy in the southern species.
机译：隐性物种在海洋腹足类动物中越来越普遍，尤其是在类群中，例如缺乏许多分立的生物分类特征的无壳鱼鳞科。从历史上看，大多数诗意的情况是在单个物种中存在幼虫发育的变化，从历史上看，它们代表了隐性物种，每个物种都具有单一的渠化类型的发育。诗词的一个典型例子是example猴眼的Alderia modesta。在南加州，类似于该单型属成员的产生长寿的浮游营养性幼虫和短寿的营养性幼虫。然而，自相矛盾的是，在北太平洋和大西洋的其他任何地方，modestas A.都是浮生营养的。最近完成的一项分子研究发现，来自加利福尼亚Bodega港以南的火山灰种群的鼻与北部严格的浮游性鼻分开，形成了进化上独特的谱系。现在，我们将南部物种描述为A. willowi n。 sp。，基于背侧和小头的形态差异，卵的质量特征，幼体发育模式以及核和线粒体遗传标记。根据细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I基因中的27个固定差异提供了DNA条形码，该差异可以可靠地区分Alderia物种的太平洋标本。遗传和形态学数据与发育证据相吻合，证实了柳叶假单胞菌是确证的诗词。对这些姊妹类群之间的生态差异的更好的了解可能揭示了驱使南部物种Lethothotrophy进化的选择性压力。

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