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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of orthopaedic research >Heterogeneous three-dimensional strain fields during unconfined cyclic compression in bovine articular cartilage explants.
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Heterogeneous three-dimensional strain fields during unconfined cyclic compression in bovine articular cartilage explants.

机译：牛关节软骨外植体无限制循环压缩过程中的异质三维应变场。

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Articular cartilage provides critical load-bearing and tribological properties to the normal function of diarthrodial joints. The unique properties of cartilage, as well as heterogeneous deformations during mechanical compression, are due to the nonuniform microstructural organization of tissue components such as collagens and proteoglycans. A new cartilage deformation by tag registration (CDTR) technique has been developed by the authors to determine heterogeneous deformations in articular cartilage explants. The technique uses a combination of specialized MRI methods, a custom cyclic loading apparatus, and image processing software. The objective of this study was to use the CDTR technique to document strain patterns throughout the volume of normal bovine articular cartilage explants during cyclic unconfined compression at two physiologically-relevant applied normal stress levels (1.29 and 2.57 MPa). Despite simple uniaxial cyclic compressive loading with a flat, nonporous indenter, strain patterns were heterogeneous. Strains in the thickness direction (E(yy)) were compressive, varied nonlinearly with depth from the articular surface from a maximum magnitude of 11% at the articular surface, and were comparable despite a 2-fold increase in applied normal stress. Strains perpendicular to the thickness direction (E(xx) and E(zz)) were tensile, decreased linearly with depth from the articular surface from a maximum of 7%, and increased in magnitude 2.5-fold with a 2-fold increase in applied normal stress. Shear strains in the transverse plane (E(xz)) were approximately zero while shear strains in the other two planes were much larger and increased in magnitude with depth from the articular surface, reaching maximum magnitudes of 2% at the articular cartilage-subchondral bone interface. In general, strain patterns indicated that cartilage osteochondral explants exhibited depth-dependent nonisotropic behavior during uniaxial cyclic loading. These results are useful in verifying constitutive formulations of articular cartilage during cyclic unconfined compression and in characterizing the micromechanical environment likely experienced by individual chondrocytes throughout the tissue volume.
机译：关节软骨为穿刺关节的正常功能提供关键的承重和摩擦学特性。软骨的独特特性以及机械压缩过程中的异质变形是由于组织成分（例如胶原蛋白和蛋白聚糖）的微观结构不均匀所致。作者开发了一种通过标签配准（CDTR）技术进行的新的软骨变形，以确定关节软骨外植体的异质变形。该技术结合了专用的MRI方法，定制的循环加载设备和图像处理软件。这项研究的目的是使用CDTR技术来记录在两个与生理相关的正常法向应力水平（1.29和2.57 MPa）下循环无限制压缩过程中整个正常牛关节软骨外植体的应变模式。尽管具有平坦，无孔压头的简单单轴循环压缩载荷，应变模式还是不均匀的。厚度方向（E（yy））上的应变是压缩性的，随着距关节表面的深度非线性变化，在关节表面的最大强度为11％，尽管施加的法向应力增加了2倍，但仍具有可比性。垂直于厚度方向的应变（E（xx）和E（zz））受到拉伸，从距关节表面的深度开始线性下降的最大值最大为7％，幅度增加2.5倍，施加的厚度增加2倍正常压力。横向平面上的剪切应变（E（xz））大约为零，而其他两个平面上的剪切应变则更大，并且随着距关节表面深度的增加而增加，在软骨软骨下软骨的最大幅度达到2％接口。通常，应变模式表明软骨骨软骨外植体在单轴循环加载过程中表现出深度依赖的非各向同性行为。这些结果可用于验证循环无限制压缩过程中关节软骨的组成配方，以及表征整个组织体积中单个软骨细胞可能经历的微机械环境。

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