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首页> 外文期刊>Clinics in dermatology >Skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts: Facts and controversies
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Skin diseases associated with Malassezia yeasts: Facts and controversies

机译：与马拉色酵母有关的皮肤病：事实与争议

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摘要

The implication of the yeast genus Malassezia in skin diseases has been characterized by controversy, since the first description of the fungal nature of pityriasis versicolor in 1846 by Eichstedt. This is underscored by the existence of Malassezia yeasts as commensal but also by their implication in diseases with distinct absence of inflammation despite the heavy fungal load (pityriasis versicolor) or with characteristic inflammation (eg, seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, folliculitis, or psoriasis).The description of 14 Malassezia species and subsequent worldwide epidemiologic studies did not reveal pathogenic species but rather disease-associated subtypes within species. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the interaction of Malassezia yeasts with the skin is multifaceted and entails constituents of the fungal wall (melanin, lipid cover), enzymes (lipases, phospholipases), and metabolic products (indoles), as well as the cellular components of the epidermis (keratinocytes, dendritic cells, and melanocytes).Understanding the complexity of their interactions will highlight the controversies on the clinical presentation of Malassezia-associated diseases and unravel the complexity of skin homeostatic mechanisms.
机译：自从1846年Eichstedt对杂色性糠疹糠疹的真菌性质进行首次描述以来，酵母菌马拉色菌属在皮肤疾病中的作用一直存在争议。马拉色酵母菌作为共生菌的存在突出了这一点，但也暗示了它们尽管存在大量的真菌负荷（杂色糠疹），但仍明显没有炎症，或者具有特征性的炎症（例如脂溢性皮炎，特应性皮炎，毛囊炎或牛皮癣）。对14种马拉色菌属物种的描述以及随后的全球流行病学研究并未揭示致病性物种，而是物种内与疾病相关的亚型。新兴证据表明，马拉色酵母与皮肤的​​相互作用是多方面的，并且涉及真菌壁（黑色素，脂质覆盖物），酶（脂肪酶，磷脂酶）和代谢产物（吲哚）的成分，以及它们的细胞成分。表皮（角质形成细胞，树突状细胞和黑素细胞）。了解它们相互作用的复杂性将突出与马拉色菌相关疾病的临床表现有关的争议，并阐明皮肤稳态机制的复杂性。

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