首页> 外文期刊>Journal of pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics >Use of a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to design an optimal dose input profile.
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Use of a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to design an optimal dose input profile.

机译:使用药代动力学/药效学模型设计最佳剂量输入曲线。

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A model for the pharmacodynamic effect of a drug (designated only X), and the use of the model to explore optimal input is described. The data analyzed here are from a crossover comparison study of the effect of 4 active treatments, yielding distinct concentration vs. time curves, plus placebo in 32 subjects. The model expresses total effect as the sum of placebo effect and (pure) drug effect. The latter allows for possible tolerance (found) and time effects (not found). Random effects allow interindividual differences to be expressed. Conditioning on the fitted model, a population optimal input profile is designed that obeys certain protocol constraints. The profile minimizes the expectation of a sum of squared differences between target effect and the resulting response over a given time interval. The target is a fixed constant, chosen to be either the individuals' maximum effect level in response to a baseline input regimen used in the study or the maximum effect level for the typical individual in the population in response to this regimen, as predicted from the model. The expectation is taken over the estimated nonparametric distribution of the 32 subjects' random effects. As one goal of early clinical studies of drugs may be to provide a basis for designing an optimal delivery profile (with respect to a specified loss function), we suggest this report as an example of a reasonable way to go about finding such a profile.
机译:描述了一种药物药效学效应的模型(仅指定为X),并使用该模型探索最佳输入。此处分析的数据来自对4种有效治疗效果的交叉比较研究,产生了不同的浓度-时间曲线,以及安慰剂对32位受试者的治疗作用。该模型将总作用表示为安慰剂作用和(纯)药物作用的总和。后者允许可能的公差(找到)和时间效果(找不到)。随机效应允许表达个体差异。以拟合模型为条件,设计一个总体最优输入配置文件,该配置文件应遵守某些协议约束。该配置文件将目标效果与给定时间间隔内所产生的响应之间的平方差之和的期望最小化。目标是一个固定常数,可以选择为研究中使用的基线输入方案对个体的最大效应水平,还是该方案对人群中典型个体的最大效应水平,如根据模型。对32个受试者随机效应的估计非参数分布进行了预期。由于药物的早期临床研究的一个目标可能是为设计最佳的给药方式(相对于指定的损失功能)提供基础,因此,我们建议本报告作为寻找此类特征的合理方法的示例。

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