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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities >Live-Load Performance Evaluation of Historic Covered Timber Bridges in the United States
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Live-Load Performance Evaluation of Historic Covered Timber Bridges in the United States

机译：美国历史性覆盖木桥的实时荷载性能评估

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摘要

The National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation Program (NHCBP), sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), was established to preserve the covered timber bridge structures that were constructed in the early 1800s. Today, many of the approximately 880 covered timber bridges still in existence in the United States are closed to vehicular traffic; furthermore, a large percentage of the remaining bridges open to traffic are restricted by load postings. Unfortunately, there are no current load-rating standards for covered timber bridges, so engineers do not have many resources at their disposal to reliably understand the behavior of these complex structures. As a result, the estimated load postings and/or ratings are often too conservative. To better understand the live-load performance of covered timber bridges and to develop improved criteria for their load ratings, a series of live-load tests were performed on 11 single-span, historic covered timber bridges. This paper explains the field testing conducted on all of the bridges, and makes recommendations for the conduct of other similar tests. The tests consisted of installing a network of multiple displacement and strain sensors on the structures, and monitoring global displacements and member strains at various cross sections during passage of a known test. The vehicle used in the testing met the load restrictions in place at the time of testing. The results of this work serve as a basis for instrumentation and field testing, to investigate the live-load performance on such bridges. This paper outlines the field-testing methods and summarizes the results from the testing of all 11 bridges. Based on the field-testing methods, a field-testing protocol is recommended for the live-load testing of historic covered timber bridges. Feasibility of the recommended protocol is also evaluated using a finite-element model analysis for a selected bridge among the tested bridges. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
机译：由联邦公路管理局（FHWA）发起的国家历史性廊桥保护计划（NHCBP）的建立是为了保护1800年代初期建造的廊桥。如今，美国仍然存在的大约880座有盖木桥中的许多都禁止车辆通行。此外，通行的剩余桥梁中有很大一部分受到负荷过帐的限制。不幸的是，目前没有用于遮盖木桥的额定载荷标准，因此工程师没有足够的资源来可靠地了解这些复杂结构的性能。结果，估计的负荷过帐和/或额定值通常过于保守。为了更好地了解有盖木桥的实时荷载性能并制定其额定载荷的改进标准，对11座单跨，有历史的有盖木桥进行了一系列活荷载测试。本文介绍了在所有桥梁上进行的现场测试，并提出了进行其他类似测试的建议。测试包括在结构上安装由多个位移和应变传感器组成的网络，并在通过已知测试的过程中监视各个横截面上的整体位移和构件应变。测试中使用的车辆符合测试时就位的负载限制。这项工作的结果可作为仪器和现场测试的基础，以研究此类桥梁的活载性能。本文概述了现场测试方法，并总结了所有11座桥梁的测试结果。根据现场测试方法，建议对历史悠久的有盖木材桥梁进行活载测试时采用现场测试协议。还使用有限元模型分析对测试桥梁中的选定桥梁进行了评估，评估了推荐协议的可行性。 （C）2015年美国土木工程师学会。

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