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Semiclassical Klein-Kramers and Smoluchowski equations for the Brownian motion of a particle in an external potential

机译:半经典Klein-Kramers和Smoluchowski方程用于外部势中粒子的布朗运动

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摘要

The quantum Brownian motion of a particle in an external potential V (x) is treated using the master equation for the Wigner distribution function W(x, p, t) in phase space (x, p). A heuristic method of determination of diffusion coefficients in the master equation is proposed. The time evolution equation so obtained contains explicit quantum correction terms up to o((h) over bar (4)) and in the classical limit, (h) over bar -> 0, reduces to the Klein-Kramers equation. For a quantum oscillator, the method yields an evolution equation for W(x, p, t) coinciding with that of Agarwal (1971 Phys. Rev. A 4 739). In the non-inertial regime, by applying the Brinkman expansion of the momentum distribution in Weber functions (Brinkman 1956 Physica 22 29), the corresponding semiclassical Smoluchowski equation is derived.
机译:使用维纳分布函数W(x,p,t)在相空间(x,p)中的主方程来处理粒子在外部电势V(x)中的量子布朗运动。提出了一种确定主方程中扩散系数的启发式方法。这样获得的时间演化方程包含显式量子校正项,在bar(4)上最大为o((h)),在经典极限下,在bar-> 0上的(h)简化为Klein-Kramers方程。对于量子振荡器,该方法得出的W(x,p,t)的演化方程与Agarwal的演化方程一致(1971 Phys。Rev. A 4 739)。在非惯性状态下,通过在Weber函数中应用动量分布的Brinkman展开(Brinkman 1956 Physica 22 29),可以得出相应的半经典Smoluchowski方程。

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