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Fat-tailed distribution derived from the first eigenvector of a symmetric random sparse matrix

机译:从对称随机稀疏矩阵的第一个特征向量导出的胖尾分布

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摘要

Many solutions for scientific problems rely on finding the first (largest) eigenvalue and eigenvector of a particular matrix. We explore the distribution of the first eigenvector of a symmetric random sparse matrix. To analyze the properties of the first eigenvalue/vector, we employ a methodology based on the cavity method, a well-established technique in the statistical physics. A symmetric random sparse matrix in this paper can be regarded as an adjacency matrix for a network. We show that if a network is constructed by nodes that have two different types of degrees then the distribution of its eigenvector has fat tails such as the stable distribution (α < 2) under a certain condition; whereas if a network is constructed with nodes that have only one type of degree, the distribution of its first eigenvector becomes the Gaussian approximately. The method consisting of the cavity method and the population dynamical method clarifies these results.
机译:许多科学问题的解决方案都依赖于找到特定矩阵的第一个(最大)特征值和特征向量。我们探索对称随机稀疏矩阵的第一个特征向量的分布。为了分析第一个特征值/向量的属性,我们采用了基于空腔法的方法,该方法是统计物理学中成熟的技术。本文中的对称随机稀疏矩阵可以看作是网络的邻接矩阵。我们表明,如果网络由具有两种不同类型度数的节点构成,则其特征向量的分布将具有胖尾巴,例如在特定条件下的稳定分布(α<2)。反之,如果网络仅由一个度数类型的节点构成,则其第一个特征向量的分布近似为高斯分布。由空腔法和种群动力学法组成的方法阐明了这些结果。

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