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On the relationship between complex potentials and strings of projection operators

机译:关于复杂势与投影算子串之间的关系

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摘要

It is of interest in a variety of contexts, and in particular in the arrival time problem, to consider the quantum state obtained through unitary evolution of an initial state regularly interspersed with periodic projections onto the positive x-axis (pulsed measurements). Echanobe, del Campo and Muga have given a compelling but heuristic argument that the state thus obtained is approximately equivalent to the state obtained by evolving in the presence of a certain complex potential of step-function form. In this paper, with the help of the path decomposition expansion of the associated propagators, we give a detailed derivation of this approximate equivalence. The propagator for the complex potential is known so the bulk of the derivation consists of an approximate evaluation of the propagator for the free particle interspersed with periodic position projections. This approximate equivalence may be used to show that to produce significant reflection, the projections must act at time spacing less than h?/E, where E is the energy scale of the initial state.
机译:在各种情况下,特别是在到达时间问题中,考虑通过定期散布到正x轴上的周期性投影(脉冲测量)的初始状态的统一演化而获得的量子态是有意义的。 Echanobe,del Campo和Muga给出了令人信服但启发式的论据,即这样获得的状态大约等于在阶跃函数形式存在某些复杂势的情况下演化得到的状态。在本文中,借助相关传播子的路径分解扩展,我们给出了这种近似等价关系的详细推导。复势的传播子是已知的,因此推导的大部分由散布有周期性位置投影的自由粒子的传播子的近似评估组成。这种近似的等价性可以用来表明要产生明显的反射,这些投影必须以小于h 1 / E的时间间隔起作用,其中E是初始状态的能级。

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