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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physics, D. Applied Physics: A Europhysics Journal >The anode region of electric arcs: a survey
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The anode region of electric arcs: a survey

机译：电弧的阳极区域：调查

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摘要

Electric arc anodes frequently determine functional performance and lifetime of a number of arcing devices, ranging from discharge lamps to plasma spray torches. While there have been numerous studies of the anode region of electric arcs, our understanding of the detailed physical processes is still limited. The reason for this lack of detailed knowledge is that numerous factors influence the arc-anode interaction, and that the plasma-solid interface in high intensity arcs is in general not accessible to diagnostics and one has to rely on indirect measurements. Throughout this survey, the emphasis will be on high intensity arc anodes, i.e. on plasmas with temperatures of more than 10 000K and electron densities exceeding 10(22) m(-3) outside the boundary layer, and heat fluxes exceeding 10(7) W m(-2). The plasma parameters in the boundary layer as obtained with different techniques by a number of investigators for a variety of conditions are presented, and the effect of macroscopic flow conditions is discussed. Experimental and modelling results are presented. A brief comparison with low current arcs is also given, and the areas that need further research are highlighted.
机译：电弧阳极经常决定许多放电设备的功能性能和寿命，从放电灯到等离子喷灯。尽管对电弧的阳极区域进行了大量研究，但我们对详细物理过程的理解仍然有限。缺乏详细知识的原因是，许多因素会影响电弧-阳极相互作用，并且高强度电弧中的等离子体-固体界面通常无法通过诊断获得，因此必须依靠间接测量。在整个调查过程中，重点将放在高强度电弧阳极上，即温度超过10000K且边界层外电子密度超过10（22）m（-3）且热通量超过10（7）的等离子体。 W m（-2）。介绍了许多研究人员针对各种条件用不同技术获得的边界层中的等离子体参数，并讨论了宏观流动条件的影响。给出了实验和建模结果。还给出了与低电流电弧的简要比较，并突出了需要进一步研究的领域。

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