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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physics, D. Applied Physics: A Europhysics Journal >PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON SWARMS IN GASES IN THE UPSTREAM REGION OF AN ELECTRON SOURCE
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PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON SWARMS IN GASES IN THE UPSTREAM REGION OF AN ELECTRON SOURCE

机译：电子源上游区域的气体中电子群的性质

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摘要

Exponential spatial growth of electron swarms in gases under steady-state Townsend conditions may be observed not only in the downstream region of an electron source but also in the upstream region due to backward diffusion. Relations among swarm parameters in the upstream region were deduced and found to have peculiar characteristics. For example, the sign of the average electron velocity V-d for steady-state Townsend conditions depends on whether the gas is electropositive or electronegative. This property is confirmed quantitatively by calculating the electron energy distribution using a propagator method modified for analysis in the upstream region. As an example of the effect of backward diffusion, the decay in the electron number density in front of the anode in a steady-state Townsend experiment between parallel plane electrodes was studied. The decay is caused by the missing electrons absorbed at the anode. The energy distribution of the missing electrons has a non-equilibrium relaxation region and the equilibrium region lies towards the cathode direction. The number density of the missing electrons showed an exponential spatial dependence in the equilibrium region. The relative gradient of the decrease agreed well with the relative density gradient alpha obtained in the upstream region. It was also found that the electron energy distribution in the decaying region tends to that in the upstream equilibrium region. [References: 19]
机译：在稳态Townsend条件下，气体中电子群的指数空间增长不仅可以在电子源的下游区域观察到，而且由于向后扩散也可以在上游区域观察到。推导了上游地区群参数之间的关系，发现它们具有独特的特征。例如，稳态Townsend条件下的平均电子速度V-d的符号取决于气体是正电还是负电。通过使用改进的用于在上游区域进行分析的传播器方法计算电子能量分布，可以定量地确认该性质。作为反向扩散效应的一个例子，在平行平面电极之间的稳态Townsend实验中，研究了阳极前面的电子数密度的衰减。衰减是由阳极吸收的缺失电子引起的。缺失电子的能量分布具有非平衡弛豫区，并且平衡区朝向阴极方向。缺失电子的数量密度在平衡区显示出指数空间依赖性。减小的相对梯度与在上游区域获得的相对密度梯度α很好地吻合。还发现衰减区的电子能量分布趋向于上游平衡区的电子能量分布。 [参考：19]

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