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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physics, D. Applied Physics: A Europhysics Journal >Alloying element vaporization during laser spot welding of stainless steel
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Alloying element vaporization during laser spot welding of stainless steel

机译：不锈钢激光点焊过程中合金元素的汽化

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Alloying element loss from the weld pool during laser spot welding of stainless steel was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The experimental work involved determination of work-piece weight loss and metal vapour composition for various welding conditions. The transient temperature and velocity fields in the weld pool were numerically simulated. The vaporization rates of the alloying elements were modelled using the computed temperature profiles. The fusion zone geometry could be predicted from the transient heat transfer and fluid flow model for various welding conditions. The laser power and the pulse duration were the most important variables in determining the transient temperature profiles. The velocity of the liquid metal in the weld pool increased with time during heating and convection played an increasingly important role in the heat transfer. The peak temperature and velocity increased significantly with laser power density and pulse duration. At very high power densities, the computed temperatures were higher than the boiling point of 304 stainless steel. As a result, evaporation of alloying elements was caused by both the total pressure and the concentration gradients. The calculations showed that the vaporization occurred mainly from a small region under the laser beam where the temperatures were very high. The computed vapour loss was found to be lower than the measured mass loss because of the ejection of tiny metal droplets owing to the recoil force exerted by the metal vapours. The ejection of metal droplets has been predicted by computations and verified by experiments. [References: 44]
机译：通过实验和理论研究了不锈钢激光点焊过程中焊池中合金元素的损失。实验工作涉及确定各种焊接条件下的工件重量损失和金属蒸气成分。数值模拟了熔池中的瞬态温度场和速度场。使用计算出的温度曲线对合金元素的蒸发速率进行建模。可以从瞬态传热和流体流动模型针对各种焊接条件预测熔合区的几何形状。在确定瞬态温度曲线时，激光功率和脉冲持续时间是最重要的变量。加热期间，熔池中液态金属的速度随时间增加，对流在传热中起着越来越重要的作用。峰值温度和速度随激光功率密度和脉冲持续时间显着增加。在非常高的功率密度下，计算出的温度高于304不锈钢的沸点。结果，合金元素的蒸发是由总压力和浓度梯度共同引起的。计算表明，汽化主要发生在温度很高的激光束下的一个小区域。由于金属蒸气施加的反冲力导致微小的金属液滴的喷射，因此计算出的蒸气损失低于测量的质量损失。通过计算预测了金属液滴的喷射，并通过实验进行了验证。 [参考：44]

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