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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physics, D. Applied Physics: A Europhysics Journal >Heating of refractory cathodes by high-pressure arc plasmas: II
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Heating of refractory cathodes by high-pressure arc plasmas: II

机译：高压电弧等离子体对难熔阴极的加热：II

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摘要

Solitary spots on infinite planar cathodes and diffuse and axially symmetric spot modes on finite cathodes of high-pressure arc discharges are studied in a wide range of arc currents. General features are analysed and extensive numerical results on planar and cylindrical tungsten cathodes of atmospheric-pressure argon arcs are given for currents of up to 100 kA. It is shown, in particular, that the temperature of cathode surface inside a solitary spot varies relatively weakly and may be estimated, to the accuracy of about 200-300 K, without actually solving the thermal conduction equation in the cathode body. Asymptotic behaviour of solutions for finite cathodes in the limiting case of high currents is found and confirmed by numerical results. A general pattern of current-voltage characteristics of various modes on finite cathodes suggested previously on the basis of bifurcation analysis is confirmed. A transition from the spot modes on a finite cathode in the limit of large cathode dimensions to the solitary spot mode on an infinite planar cathode is studied. It is found that the solitary spot mode represents a limiting form of the high-voltage spot mode on a finite cathode. A question of distinguishing between diffuse and spot modes on finite cathodes is considered. [References: 23]
机译：在广泛的电弧电流范围内，研究了无限平面阴极上的孤立点以及有限电弧上的有限阴极上的弥散和轴对称点模式。分析了一般特征，并给出了电流高达100 kA的大气压氩弧形平面和圆柱钨阴极上的大量数值结果。特别地，示出了孤立点内部的阴极表面的温度相对较弱地变化，并且可以估计到大约200-300K的精度，而没有实际地解决阴极主体中的热传导方程。在有限的大电流情况下，找到了有限阴极溶液的渐近行为，并通过数值结果加以证实。在分叉分析的基础上，确定了有限阴极上各种模式的电流-电压特性的一般模式。研究了在有限的阴极尺寸下从有限阴极上的斑点模式到无限平面阴极上的孤立斑点模式的过渡。发现孤立点模式代表有限阴极上高压点模式的限制形式。考虑了区分有限阴极上的扩散模式和点模式的问题。 [参考：23]

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