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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of psychopharmacology >Effects of repeated doses of caffeine on mood and performance of alert and fatigued volunteers.
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Effects of repeated doses of caffeine on mood and performance of alert and fatigued volunteers.

机译：重复服用咖啡因对机敏和疲劳志愿者的情绪和性能的影响。

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Evidence for behavioural effects of caffeine is well documented in the literature. It is associated with increased subjective alertness, improved reaction time and enhanced encoding of new information. These effects are most prominent in low arousal situations. However, there is an ongoing debate as to whether such changes are in fact improvements or merely a reversal of the negative effects of a period of caffeine withdrawal (e.g. overnight abstinence). To avoid such a confound this study included multiple doses of caffeine which were administered under double-blind conditions to participants who had ingested their normal daily quota of caffeine. In the present study participants were fatigued by carrying out a prolonged testing schedule in the evening. Sixty volunteers, all regular caffeine consumers, took part in the study. They attended for three sessions on separate days. They were instructed to consume normal amounts of caffeinated beverages. Consumption was measured by a diary and saliva sampleswere taken and caffeine assays conducted. A baseline test session was carried out at 18.00h and following this a double blind placebo controlled caffeine challenge (1.5mg/kg) conducted. The test battery was repeated twice approximately 30 minutes after the caffeine challenge. Following this another drink was administered and the test battery repeated twice more. On one test session volunteers had placebo in both drinks, in another they had caffeine in both drinks and another caffeine in the first and placebo in the second. Order of conditions was balanced across subjects. The results showed that caffeine led to a more positive mood and improved performance on a number of tasks. Different effects of caffeine were seen depending on the person's level of arousal. Linear effects of caffeine dose were also observed. This is evidence against the argument that behavioural changes due to caffeine are merely the reversal of negative effects of a long period of caffeine abstinence. The findings are discussed in relation to both noradrenergic and cholinergic neurotransmitter systems.
机译：咖啡因的行为影响的证据已在文献中充分记录。它与增加主观警觉性，改善反应时间和增强对新信息的编码有关。这些效果在低唤起情况下最为突出。然而，关于这种变化实际上是改善的还是仅仅是咖啡因戒断一段时间（例如，过夜戒酒）的负面影响的逆转，目前正在进行辩论。为避免这种混淆，本研究包括在双盲条件下向摄入了正常每日咖啡因配额的参与者服用多剂量咖啡因。在本研究中，参与者在晚上进行长时间的测试计划后感到疲劳。六十名自愿参加咖啡因的志愿者参加了这项研究。他们在不同的日子参加了三场会议。指示他们食用正常量的含咖啡因的饮料。通过日记测量消耗量，并采集唾液样本并进行咖啡因分析。在18.00h进行基线测试，然后进行双盲安慰剂对照咖啡因激发（1.5mg / kg）。咖啡因刺激后约30分钟重复两次测试电池。此后，再喝一杯，测试电池再重复两次。在一次测试中，志愿者在两种饮料中都使用了安慰剂，在另一项测试中，他们在两种饮料中都含有咖啡因，在第一项中使用了咖啡因，在第二项中使用了安慰剂。条件的顺序在受试者之间是平衡的。结果表明，咖啡因可导致更积极的情绪并改善许多任务的表现。根据人的觉醒程度，发现咖啡因的作用不同。还观察到咖啡因剂量的线性作用。这是反对论点的证据，该论点是由于咖啡因引起的行为改变仅仅是对长期咖啡因禁欲的负面影响的逆转。讨论了与去甲肾上腺素能和胆碱能神经递质系统有关的发现。

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