Torticollis is a clinical sign or symptom that could be the result of a variety of underlying disorders. Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a postural deformity detected at birth or shortly after birth, primarily resulting from unilateral shortening and fibrosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM). Infants with CMT display head tilt to one side, which is often combined with rotation of the head to the opposite side (Figure I). CMT is estimated to occur in one infant of every 300 live births. Plagiocephaly is reported as a coexisting impairment in 80% to 90.1% of children with CMT.The purposes of this report are to provide an overview of the CMT literature with attention to the relationship between torticollis and plagiocephaly and to describe current management of infants with congenital muscular torticollis with or without plagiocephaly.
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