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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Plant Nutrition >Nitrogen Application in Irrigated Rice Grown in Mediterranean Conditions: Effects on Grain Yield, Dry Matter Production, Nitrogen Uptake, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency.
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Nitrogen Application in Irrigated Rice Grown in Mediterranean Conditions: Effects on Grain Yield, Dry Matter Production, Nitrogen Uptake, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency.

机译：在地中海条件下种植的水稻中施用氮肥：对谷物产量，干物质生产，氮素吸收和氮素利用效率的影响。

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摘要

Field experiments were conducted in the major rice growing area of Chile to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and site on grain yield and some yield components, dry matter production, N uptake, and N use efficiency in rice cultivar 'Diamante'. Two sites (indicated as sites 1 and 2) and six N rates (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 kg N ha-1) were compared. Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, panicle density, spikelet sterility, dry matter production, and N uptake at maturity. 90% of maximum yield was obtained with 200 kg N ha-1 in site 1 (12,810 kg ha-1) and with 100 kg N ha-1 in site 2 (8,000 kg ha-1). These differences were explained by lower panicle density, and the resulting lower dry matter production and N uptake in site 2. Nitrogen use efficiency for biomass and grain production, and grain yield per unit of grain N decreased with N fertilization. While, agronomic N use efficiency and N harvest index were not affected. All N use efficiency indices were significantly higher in site 1, except grain yield per unit of grain N. The observed variation in N use efficiency indices between sites would reflect site-specific differences in temperature and solar radiation, which in turn, determined yield potentials of each site. On the basis of these results, cultivar 'Diamante' would correspond to a high-N use efficiency genotype for grain yield.
机译：在智利主要水稻种植区进行了田间试验，以评估施氮和施肥对稻田'Diamante'谷物产量和某些产量构成，干物质产量，氮吸收和氮利用效率的影响。比较了两个位点（分别表示为位点1和2）和六个氮比率（0、50、100、150、200和300 kg N ha-1）。施氮增加了产量，穗密度，小穗不育，干物质生产和成熟时的氮吸收。在站点1中200 kg N ha-1（12,810 kg ha-1）和站点2中100 kg N ha-1（8,000 kg ha-1）可获得90％的最大产量。这些差异可以通过较低的穗密度来解释，从而导致较低的干物质产量和2号位点的氮吸收。氮肥对生物量和谷物生产的利用效率以及每单位氮素的谷物产量随施氮量而降低。同时，农艺氮利用效率和氮收获指数不受影响。站点1的所有氮利用效率指数均显着较高，除了每单位谷物N的谷物产量。站点之间观察到的氮利用效率指数的变化将反映特定位置的温度和太阳辐射差异，从而确定了潜在的产量潜力每个网站。基于这些结果，品种“ Diamante”将对应于谷物产量的高氮利用效率基因型。

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