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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of public health management and practice: JPHMP >Assessing the impact of federal and state preemption in public health: A framework for decision makers
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Assessing the impact of federal and state preemption in public health: A framework for decision makers

机译：评估联邦和州的优先权对公共卫生的影响：决策者的框架

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In the United States, state and local public health policies play a fundamental role in innovation and progress. Preemption, by which Congress or the state legislatures limit the authority of lower jurisdictions, can eliminate the benefits of state and local policy initiatives. Preemption can also have a negative impact on enforcement, civic engagement, and grassroots movement building.In June 2011, the Institute of Medicine published a groundbreaking report on policy and law that considered preemption as a crosscutting issue in public health. The Institute of Medicine recommended that federal and state policy makers "should set minimum standards..allowing states and localities to further protect the health and safety of their inhabitants," and "should avoid language that hinders public health action."The Preemption Framework is a tool to SUPPL.ort effective decision making by helping the public health field anticipate, assess, and, if necessary, counter preemptive policy proposals. We review the consequences of preemption, including its potential impact on grassroots public health movements, and propose practical questions and considerations to assist decision makers in responding to preemptive proposals.
机译：在美国，州和地方公共卫生政策在创新和进步中起着根本性的作用。国会或州立法机关通过抢占来限制较低司法管辖区的权限，这种抢占可以消除州和地方政策倡议的好处。抢占也可能对执法，公民参与和基层运动建设产生负面影响。2011年6月，医学研究所发布了一项开创性的政策和法律报告，认为抢占是公共卫生领域的一个贯穿各领域的问题。医学研究所建议联邦和州决策者“应制定最低标准。允许各州和地区进一步保护其居民的健康和安全”，并“应避免使用会妨碍公共卫生行动的语言。”通过帮助公共卫生领域预测，评估并在必要时反抗先发制人的政策建议来支持有效决策的工具。我们回顾了先发制人的后果，包括其对基层公共卫生运动的潜在影响，并提出了实际问题和考虑因素，以帮助决策者应对先发制人的提议。

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