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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering >Application of nanofluid to control fines migration to improve the performance of low salinity water flooding and alkaline flooding
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Application of nanofluid to control fines migration to improve the performance of low salinity water flooding and alkaline flooding

机译：纳米流体在控制细粒运移中的应用，以改善低盐度水驱和碱驱的性能

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Low salinity water (LSW) and alkaline flooding have been recognized as the two efficient improved oil recovery techniques to unlock residual oil. It has been widely reported that the efficiency of these methods critically improves with decreasing salinity and increasing pH of the slug injected during LSW and alkaline flooding respectively, and greater amount of oil can be recovered in these conditions. However, these chemical environments of low salinity and high pH are very unfavorable for in-situ particles retention and as a result, fines migration and subsequent formation damage is an accompanying phenomenon with these techniques. Therefore, one should choose the optimum salinity rather than the lower one to enhance the efficiency of a typical LSW project and also, the optimum pH for the injected slugs rather than the higher one to improve the efficiency of an alkaline flooding project. These limitations make the design of such flooding projects very difficult and challenging. This experimental work aims to probe nanoparticle (NP) treatment of colloidal particles migration occurred during the mentioned unfavorable conditions for particles retention. Zeta potential and turbidity analyses have been utilized as quantified tools to examine the effect of NPs on the interactions of colloidal particles with the medium surface. It was found that MgO NP can modify the zeta potential of the medium and in turn remarkably retain the colloidal fines in the presence of very low concentration of both monovalent and divalent salts; therefore, fines migration induced during low salinity conditions can be prevented. Furthermore, the presence of MgO NP on the beads surface significantly modifies/increases the point of zero charge (PZC) from around 3 to around 9 which in turn justifies the retention of parades in a wide range of alkaline conditions. It was found that the MgO NP-treated medium tends to retain around 97% of the in-situ fine particles at very alkaline conditions. Therefore, pre-flush of the medium with a slug of MgO nanofluid prior to alkaline flooding or LSW injection into the reservoir can serve as a promising remedy to counteract against the colloidal particles migration subsequently induced. This technique is of great interest in field application where improving oil recovery is desired; however, fines migration and subsequent formation damage should be avoided. (c) 2014 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.
机译：低盐度水（LSW）和碱性驱油技术已被公认为是解锁残油的两种有效的改进采油技术。据广泛报道，这些方法的效率随着LSW和碱性驱油过程中盐度的降低和注入的段塞的pH值的提高而显着提高，并且在这些条件下可以回收更多的油。但是，这些低盐度和高pH值的化学环境非常不利于原位保留颗粒，结果，细粉迁移和随后的地层破坏是这些技术的伴随现象。因此，应该选择最佳盐度而不是较低的盐度来提高典型LSW项目的效率，并且还应该为注入的段塞选择最佳的pH值而不是较高的盐度来提高碱性驱油项目的效率。这些局限性使得此类洪水项目的设计非常困难和挑战。这项实验工作旨在探查在上述不利于颗粒保留的条件下发生的胶体颗粒迁移的纳米颗粒（NP）处理。 Zeta电位和浊度分析已用作量化工具，以检查NP对胶体颗粒与介质表面相互作用的影响。已经发现，MgO NP可以改变介质的Zeta电位，并在非常低浓度的一价和二价盐存在下，显着保留胶体细粉。因此，可以防止在低盐度条件下引起的细粒迁移。此外，在珠子表面上MgO NP的存在将零电荷点（PZC）从大约3显着修改/增加到大约9，这反过来又证明了游行队伍在宽范围的碱性条件下的保留能力。发现在非常碱性的条件下，MgO NP处理的介质倾向于保留约97％的原位细颗粒。因此，在碱驱或向储层中注入LSW之前，先用MgO纳米流体团预冲洗介质，可以作为一种有前途的补救措施，以抵消随后引起的胶体颗粒迁移。该技术在需要提高采油率的现场应用中引起了极大的兴趣。但是，应避免细粉迁移和随后的地层破坏。 （c）2014年爱思唯尔BM。版权所有。

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