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T-cell dependent immunogenicity of protein therapeutics: Preclinical assessment and mitigation

机译:蛋白质疗法的T细胞依赖性免疫原性:临床前评估和缓解

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Abstract Protein therapeutics hold a prominent and rapidly expanding place among medicinal products. Purified blood products, recombinant cytokines, growth factors, enzyme replacement factors, monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, and chimeric fusion proteins are all examples of therapeutic proteins that have been developed in the past few decades and approved for use in the treatment of human disease. Despite early belief that the fully human nature of these proteins would represent a significant advantage, adverse effects associated with immune responses to some biologic therapies have become a topic of some concern. As a result, drug developers are devising strategies to assess immune responses to protein therapeutics during both the preclinical and the clinical phases of development. While there are many factors that contribute to protein immunogenicity, T cell- (thymus-) dependent (Td) responses appear to play a critical role in the development of antibody responses to biologic therapeutics. A range of methodologies to predict and measure Td immune responses to protein drugs has been developed. This review will focus on the Td contribution to immunogenicity, summarizing current approaches for the prediction and measurement of T cell-dependent immune responses to protein biologies, discussing the advantages and limitations of these technologies, and suggesting a practical approach for assessing and mitigating Td immunogenicity.
机译:摘要蛋白质疗法在医药产品中占有重要地位,并且正在迅速发展。纯化的血液产品,重组细胞因子,生长因子,酶替代因子,单克隆抗体,融合蛋白和嵌合融合蛋白都是治疗蛋白的例子,这些蛋白已在过去的几十年中得到开发并被批准用于治疗人类疾病。尽管早先相信这些蛋白质的完全人类本性将代表显着优势,但是与对某些生物疗法的免疫反应相关的不良反应已成为一些关注的话题。结果,药物开发人员正在设计策略,以评估在开发的临床前和临床阶段对蛋白质治疗剂的免疫反应。尽管有许多因素影响蛋白质的免疫原性,但T细胞(胸腺)依赖性(Td)应答似乎在对生物疗法的抗体应答的发展中起关键作用。已经开发了预测和测量对蛋白质药物的Td免疫反应的一系列方法。这项审查将集中于Td对免疫原性的贡献,总结目前预测和测量对蛋白质生物学的T细胞依赖性免疫应答的方法,讨论这些技术的优势和局限性,并提出评估和减轻Td免疫原性的实用方法。

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