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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Paleontology >Lakotacrinus brezinai n. gen. n. sp., a new stalked crinoid from cold methane seeps in the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Pierre Shale, South Dakota, United States
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Lakotacrinus brezinai n. gen. n. sp., a new stalked crinoid from cold methane seeps in the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Pierre Shale, South Dakota, United States

机译：布列科尼湖（n。 gen。 。 sp。，一种新的茎状海百合，来自上白垩纪（Campanian）皮埃尔页岩中的冷甲烷渗透，皮埃尔页岩，美国南达科他州

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摘要

Despite a rich and varied record, Mesozoic stalked crinoids are relatively rare in the Western Interior Seaway of North America compared to those found in Northern Europe. A unique example of Mesozoic stalked crinoid is described from cold methane seeps (hydrocarbon seep mounds also called "tepee buttes") from the Upper Cretaceous (upper Campanian) of the Northern Great Plains of the United States; the first crinoids to be described from such an environment. The Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway has never before yielded any identifiable stalked crinoid remains. Nevertheless, there have been significant studies on both free living and stalked crinoids from other locations in the Upper Cretaceous of North America that provide a good basis for comparison. Lakotacrinus brezinai n. gen. n. sp. is characterized by a tapering homeomorphic column with through-going tubuli, lacking any attachment disc. The arms are unbranched and pinnulate, with muscular and syzygial articulations. The unique morphology of the column justifies the establishment of Lakotacrinidae new family. A new suborder Lakotacrinina n. subord., is also proposed as there exists no corresponding taxon within the Articulata that can accommodate all the characteristics of this new genus. This new crinoid shares many features with other members of the articulates, including bathycrinids, bourgueticrinids and guillecrinids within the Order Comatulida, as currently defined in the revised Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology. Reconstructing the entire crinoid using hundreds of semi-articulated and disarticulated (well preserved) fossils, reveals a unique paleoecology and functional morphology specifically adapted to living within this hydrocarbon seep environment.
机译：尽管有丰富的记录，但与北欧相比，中生代茎状海百合在北美西部内海航道中相对罕见。从美国北部大平原的上白垩统（坎帕尼亚上层）的冷甲烷渗漏（碳氢化合物渗漏土丘，又称“帐篷丘”）描述了中生代茎状海百合的一个独特例子。在这样的环境下将要描述的第一批海百合。晚白垩世西部内陆航道从未产生过任何可辨认的茎状海百合残骸。尽管如此，对北美上白垩统其他地区的自由生活和茎状海百合有大量研究，为比较提供了良好的基础。布列科尼湖（n。 gen。 。 sp。其特点是具有贯穿小管的锥形同胚柱，缺少任何连接盘。手臂是无分支的，有细小节，有肌肉和关节的关节。色谱柱的独特形态证明了Lakotacrinidae新科的建立。一个新的亚目Lakotacrinina n。由于在节内没有对应的分类单元可以容纳该新属的所有特征，因此也提出了“从属”的建议。这种新的海百合与其他关节动物具有许多特征，包括按最新修订的《无脊椎动物古生物学专论》中的科脉纲目中的鳞茎，刺孔雀藻和guillecrinids。使用数百个半铰接和非铰接（保存完好的）化石重建整个海百合，揭示了独特的古生态学和功能形态，特别适合生活在这种烃类渗流环境中。

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